Endocrine
List 2 hormones that increase blood volume
Renin
Aldosterone
ADH
The fight or flight response is primarily caused by what hormones?
Catecholamines.
What drug causes an increase in red blood cells?
EPO
What type of ergogenic aid would creatine fall under?
Nutritional
What cells of the pancreas produce glucagon?
Alpha cells
Explain the 2 primary benefits of growth hormone
Increased growth (muscle, tendon..)
Increased use of fat
Which drug is highly used by strength athletes primarily because it is hard to detect.
GH
What are the 3 BCAA's?
Leucine
Isoleucine
Valine
What factors other than increased hormone release cause a greater effect at the target tissue?
Increased receptor number
Increased receptor sensitivity
Explain the acute response of insulin and glucagon to exercise.
Insulin concentrations decrease as glucose enters muscle cells through other mechanisms. Glucagon increases to maintain blood glucose levels breaking down liver glycogen.
How might amphetamines increase exercise performance?
–Improved reaction time
–Improved cognition
–Improved endurance
–Decreased RPE
What macronutrient ratio is recommended post exercise for someone who wants to lose weight?
1:1 carb to protein
Draw a negative feedback loop including all 3 tiers and explain its regulation
Many...
Describe the full process behind the function of Renin.
Released by the kidney due to low BP. Causes angiotensinogen to be converted to Angiotensin I, then ACE converts it to A-II which causes increased blood pressure through fluid retention and vasoconstriction.
Explain how the Chinese Swimmer Scandal may have been a real accident.
Tested positive for Clenbuterol, which is given to cattle to increase size. Also TMZ heart medication (food contamination)
How many milligrams of caffeine has been shown to increase endurance performance?
250 mg (OR 3 - 6 mg/kg)