Epidemiology
The percentage of cases of hypertension attributed to primary hypertension.
95%
Modifiable risk factors include weight, blood pressure, diet and this lung-related risk factor.
Smoking
The values for systolic and diastolic blood pressure above which a patient will be diagnosed with primary hypertension.
140/90 mmHg
The common presentation of a person with hypertension
Patients are commonly asymptomatic
This drug property needs to be considered when prescribing anti-hypertensive drugs for long-term treatment of hypertension
Safety/tolerability
The percentage of adults in Australia with hypertension in 2014 - 2015
33.7%
By lowering blood pressure, lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of patients developing this ischaemic heart condition.
Myocardial Infarction
A means of measuring blood pressure over a whole day in order to provide a more accurate reading.
24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM)
Renal impairment, cardiac hypertrophy and vascular disease are symptoms indicative of this complication of uncontrolled hypertension
Target organ damage
End organ damage
The class of anti-hypertensive drug predominantly recommended by the Heart Foundation as a 1st Line treatment for hypertension, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular disease
ACE inhibitors
An income related factor associated with increased rates of hypertension
Socio-economic status
A term used to describe risk factors such as age and genetics
Non-modifiable risk factors
A patient with a systolic blood pressure reading of 159 mmHg and a diastolic blood pressure reading of 93 would be classed as having what Grade of hypertension (as per the Heart Foundation Classification).
Grade 1 or Mild Hypertension
Reducing blood pressure by this small amount can have large reductions in cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality.
1-2 mmHg
In patients with moderate cardiovascular risk, research suggests that anti-hypertensive therapy should be commenced when their blood pressure is this value.
140/90 mmHg
The percentages of Australian males and females with hypertension
Males: 35.3%
Females: 32.3%
Dietary changes for reducing blood pressure include consuming more fruits and vegetables and reducing consumption of this ionic compound.
Salt or Sodium
The minimum value for blood pressure needed to diagnose a patient as a Hypertensive urgency.
180/90 mmHg
This type of hypertension occurs when a patient consistently has a blood pressure greater than or equal to 140mmHg despite the patient taking at least three anti-hypertensive mediations.
Treatment resistant hypertension
This potential therapy is being investigated for treatment resistant hypertension, but currently has questionable efficacy.
Renal denervation
The rates of hypertension in rural and metropolitan areas
Rural: 33.9%
Metro: 32.0%
The maximum values for waist circumference for both males and females as recommended by the Heart Foundation to reduce the risk of developing hypertension.
Males: <94 cm
Females: <80cm
The type of hypertensive event that requires hospitalisation due to acute organ damage such as myocardial infarction and acute heart failure.
Hypertensive emergency
The type of hypertension in which the systolic blood pressure exceeds 140 mmHg, without elevation in diastolic pressure.
Isolated systolic hypertension
The dihydropyridine Nifedipine is an example of this class of anti-hypertensive drug.
Calcium channel blocker