Judicial Branch
This is the process the Supreme Court uses to decide if a law or action is constitutional
What is Judicial Review
This case established that segregation of schools was unconstitutional
What is Brown v Board of Education
This is a crime that is minor in nature, usually resulting in a small fine or less than a year in jail
What is a Misdemeanor
A legally binding agreement between two parties
What is a contract
This amendment protects a persons right to privacy
What is the 4th Amendment
This is where most cases are heard. On the federal level, there are 94; on the state level, this is where traffic violations, family matters, and small crimes are heard
What are District Courts
This case established that every suspect must be informed of their rights at the time of their arrest
What is Miranda v Arizona
This is a more serious crime, typically resulting in over a year in jail or even the death penalty
What is a Felony
The award that a person in a civil suit is able to compensate for harm or loss.
What are damages
The legal term that states a person cannot be tried for the same crime after they have been found not guilty by a jury
What is double jeopardy
After a court case is decided, if you feel your rights were violated, this is the type of court you turn to
What are appellate courts
This case enabled suspects to have access to an attorney no matter the severity of the case
What is Gideon v Wainwright
This is the level of suspicion required to obtain a warrant
What is probable cause
In order to decide in favor of a party in a civil trial, a jury or judge must believe in what level of proof?
What is a preponderance of evidence
Which amendment gives you the right to remain silent
What is the 5th amendment
This is the term used to describe the court where a case is heard for the first time. While not common, there are two instances where this describes the Supreme Court
What is the court of original jurisdiction
This case established that school authorities only needed 'reasonable suspicion' to inspect a students locker or bags
What is New Jersey v TLO
This is a group of people who review evidence and decide if there is enough to go to trial. They do NOT determine guilt or innocence
What is a Grand Jury
This is the term used when two parties come to an agreement before their case goes to trial.
This amendment required speedy and public trial
What is the 6th amendment
This case established Judicial Review
What is Marbury v Madison
This case established that students had freedom of speech as long as it did not interfere with education
What is Tinker v Des Moines
In order to find a person guilty, a jury must believe they are guilty at this level of suspicion
What is beyond a reasonable doubt
This is the person who brings a civil complaint and sues another individual
What is a plaintiff
The 8th amendment protects against what type of penalties
What are cruel and unusual
This is the clause in the 14th Amendment that extended the protections of the Bill of Rights to the states (the states had to follow the Bill of Rights)
What is the equal protection Clause
This is the part of the 14th amendment that made anyone born in the US a citizen of the US
What is Birthright Citizenship
This is a document used to compel or force someone to appear in court.
What is a subpeona
Failure to fulfill the terms of a legally binding agreement.
What is breach of contract
These are the series of steps the government must take before they take your life, liberty, or property
What is due process