Settlements A
What are the types of different villages? Say the Estonian name and describe them in English.
scattered villages-hajakülad
linear-street villages - tänavkülad
chain villages - ahelkülad
clustered villages - sumbkülad
What are the words that are used for people who live somewhere, e.g. in a town or a village?
inhabitants
population
Why is Tartu called a university town?
There are a lot of university students in Tartu.
How are our distant ancestors called in the times when they did not have permanent settlements?
hunters and gatherers (korilased)
How many towns are in Estonia?
47
What is the smallest settlement?
a farm
How many inhabitants are in smaller Estonian cities?
a few thousand people, but in some the number is even in hundreds
Name the two major universities is Tartu
University of Tartu (Tartu Ülikool)
University of Life Sciences (Maaülikool)
What and where is the oldest settlement in Estonia where Nomadic hunters and gatherers camped for several years around 8900 BC?
on the bank of the Pärnu River, the Pulli settlement, near the town of Sindi
From an area of 1,000 square meters, 1,175 objects were found. Most of them were made from black flint, bone, and antler. Black flint doesn’t naturally exist in Estonia, but it can be found in Belarus and southern Lithuania.
A dog tooth found at Pulli is the oldest proof that people in Estonia had domesticated dogs.
How many counties are in Estonia?
county- maakond
15
What is the largest settlement?
a city
What is the biggest city in Estonia and what is its population?
Tallinn
about 400 000
As of November 1, 2025, the population of Tallinn is 461,282 (according to the Population Register).
Where did most of Estonians live 100 years ago?
In the countryside
Where were ancient Estonian settlements often located? Why?
near a fortress, where people could take refuge from enemies
What are the most populated towns in Estonia? 3-7
Tallinn Tartu Narva Pärnu Kohtla-Järve Viljandi Maardu
What are urban settlements?
Say the terms in Estonian and English?
small boroughs - alevikud
boroughs - alevid
cities - linnad
What is the second biggest settlement in Estonia? And what is its population?
Tartu
over 100 000 people
the latest number is 98 200 inhabitants, though
Where does most of the Estonian population live nowadays?
cities and other urban settlements (more that three/quarters of population)
Today, what remain in those places where fortresses used to be? How are they called (Est, Eng)?
And how many of these are in Estonia?
only natural hill remains, called linnamägi- fort hill
There are about a hundred ancient fort hills in Estonia.
What do you think is its population?
about 655 people
What are rural settlements?
farms and villages
Larger cities are centres of ...
industry, trade and services.
Why do people move into cities?
better job opportunities and more comfortable living conditions
Which modern town have developed around former fortress sites?
Tallinn- Toompea fortress
Rakvere - Rakvere fortress
Viljandi Viljandi fortress
Kuressaare Kuressaare fortress
Tartu Toomehill, an ancient hill fort was there
The territory of Estonia is divided into counties, rural municipalities, and cities.
Translate the sentence into Estonian.
Eesti territoorium jaguneb maakondadeks, valdadeks ja linnadeks.