Utilitarianism
What is the main goal of Utilitarianism?
What is maximizing good.
The main goal of the Rights (Kantian ethics) ethical perspective?
What is respecting the rights of everyone involved? (also accepting - to not use people)
What is the main goal of the virtue ethical perspective?
What is treating everyone equally or proportionally.
What is the main goal of the common good ethical perspective?
What is serving the community as a whole.
A trolley is hurtling down a track towards five people. You can flip a switch and divert the train to run one person over instead of five. What would the Utilitarianism response be to this ethical dilemma?
What is flip the switch to run one person over.
According to this ethics, do you want to treat people as "the mere means" or as "the end in themselves"
The end in themselves?
A trolley is hurtling down a track towards five people. You can save the five people by pushing a man onto the track. What would be the Virtuous response to this ethical dilemma?
What is not pushing the man onto the track.
Does the Fairness & Justice approach allow you to treat people differently? Explain.
Yes, it enourages treating people differently to give them equal access
What differentiates common good from Fairness & Justice?
What is the focus on making the ethical decision that will be equally advantageous to everyone.
A trolley is hurtling down a track towards five people. You can flip a switch and divert the train to run one person over instead of five. The catch is that the single person on the other track is a very close friend of yours. What would the Utilitarianism response be to this ethical dilemma?
What is run over your very close friend to save five people.
In the future genetic engineering has been advanced to the point where children can be genetically engineered to not have certain genetic diseases? Under the rights ethical perspective, would you support the utilization of this research?
What is no.
There is a family in a burning building. According to virtue ethics, why do you save them: a) to help build the community, b) to practice your own bravery, c) to protect their rights
b) practice the virtue of bravery
What is the Fairness & Justice ethical response to genetic editing of children (for example, eliminating certain diseases)?
In the future genetic engineering has been advanced to the point where children can be genetically engineered to not have certain genetic diseases? Under the common good ethical perspective, would you support the utilization of this research?
What is yes.
Who was credited with creating Utilitarianism and when did they create it?
Who is Jeremy Bentham in the late 1700's.
Who is credited with creating the Rights ethical perspective?
Who is Immanuel Kant.
Who is credited with creating the virtuous ethical perspective? (extra point - approximately how long ago?)
Who is Aristotle? What is 2,400 years ago?!!!
According to Justice approach, why did Rosa Parks protest the busses?
a) to be brave and have integrity
b) to help more people than it hurt
c) to bring equality to the community
c) to bring equality to the community
The common good is an expression that means a) very good, b) only good (no bad at all), c) the majority of people
What is c) the majority of people (or everyone)
Is Utilitarianism focused on integrity of how you do something, or on results?
What is no, it is focused on results.
Put this very common expression into your own words: "Do the ends justify the means?"
What is - Are the final results so important that you can get away with treating people poorly? OR - are the consequences worth the way you behave to achieve it?
You are working on creating a safer switch device at your work. You learned that this switch is being used in landmines which you are morally opposed to. What is the virtuous ethical approach to this dilemma?
What is you should stop working on the project.
Who was responsible for expanding on the ideas of Justice to establish that Fairness was also included in that ideal?
Who is John Rawls.
You are working on creating a safer switch device at your work. You learned that this switch is being used in landmines which you are morally opposed to. What is the common good ethical approach to this dilemma?
What is you should continue to work on the project to make them as safe as possible.