Land & Conflict
Andrew Jackson was this before he was president, profiting from buying land that had belonged to the Chickasaw people
What was Andrew Jackson's interest in taking Native American lands before he became president?
In 1830, the Mississippi state government did this, forcing individual Choctaw to obey state authority
It ended the legal identity of the Choctaw Nation within the state's borders
How did contact with white traders change the Pawnee's traditional way of life and affect their population?
Due to new diseases and the shift to commercial fur hunting, the Pawnee population shrank from 10,000 in 1830 to only 4,000 in this year.
What was the basic condition of African Americans in the North after abolition?
They experienced widespread legal and social segregation and discrimination.
What two main methods of control did Senator James Hammond identify?
The methods were physical force and mental control (paternalism).
The states of Mississippi and Georgia wanted to do this to the Indian tribal units
The states of Mississippi and Georgia aimed to abolish these political organizations and open up the lands to white settlement
This was the basis of the Cherokee's legal argument against removal, led by Principal Chief John Ross
What was the U.S. federal government must honor its previous treaties with the Cherokee Nation
What was the impact of the railroad on the Pawnee and the Plains Indians in general?
The Pawnee retreated to a federal reservation for protection because this rival tribe, pushed south by white settlers, began to attack them
What special requirement did New York have for Black men to vote?
They required Black men to possess a significant amount of property or freehold.
The "Sambo" figure was designed to portray what image?
It was a myth of a childlike, happy, and subservient figure.
Jackson and his troops killed most of the 800 Creek fighters at this battle, which was his revenge for a hostile Creek attack
What was the Battle of Horseshoe Bend
The U.S. Supreme Court's 1832 ruling on state laws affecting Indian territories was this, which President Jackson refused to uphold
Worcester v. Georgia
This key infrastructure development brought a "new, modern era" by crisscrossing the Plains, ending the frontier, and bringing white hunters
What was the impact of the railroad on the Pawnee and the Plains Indians in general?
Which of the following is NOT a restriction of segregation in Northern cities?
The specific restrictions cited were barring public accommodations, separate schools, and menial jobs; de jure residential segregation was not listed as one of the three specifics.
In what year did Nat Turner’s rebellion occur?
The terrifying rebellion took place in 1831.
The federal government had this authority over the Indians, which Jackson falsely claimed he was "helpless" to use to uphold treaties
authority over Native American tribes and enforce treaties
Federal officials used the threat of state law and destruction by federal forces to coerce the Choctaw into signing this document in 1830
Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek
What did Overtakes the Enemy mean when he said that being "civilized" by whites was "to destroy us?"
He meant that adopting the white way of life would lead to the destruction of Pawnee culture and identity.
What action did Pennsylvania take in 1838 to restrict the Black vote?
They took away the right to vote from all Black men via a state constitutional amendment.
What system weakened slavery by giving urban slaves a "taste of independence"?
This was the Hiring-Out System.
This was the name given to the forced march of the Cherokee west in the winter of 1838–1839, on which more than four thousand people died
What was the "Trail of Tears,"
This act formally declared that "no Indian nation or tribe" would be acknowledged as an independent power to contract by treaty, effectively destroying their political existence
Indian Appropriation Act of March 3, 1871
What were the two main factors that caused the Pawnee population to shrink drastically?
New diseases and the shift to commercial fur hunting were the primary causes.
What type of employment became the primary economic restriction for African Americans in the North?
They were restricted to menial, low-wage jobs.
What constitutional action ultimately ended slavery in the U.S. in 1865?
The 13th Amendment officially abolished slavery.