DNA
What do the letters in DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Which scientist took the first photo of DNA in 1952?
Rosalind Franklin
Gregor Mendel was known as...
The Father of Genetics
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have in the nucleus of each cell?
These are different forms, variations or "factors" of the same gene. Organisms inherit one from each parent.
alleles
What are the "steps" of the DNA ladder made of?
nitrogenous base pairs
The set of traits an organism receives from its parents.
heredity
Why did Mendel study pea plants? (2 reasons)
They grow quickly and are easy to breed
Which letters are used to represent the genotype for the FEMALE chromosome?
XX
genotype
In a cell, where is DNA located?
nucleus
genes
In Mendel's pea plant experiment, he originally crossed 2 true breed pea plants, What were the genotypes?
PP and pp
When both alleles of a gene display both dominate phenotypes at the same time.
codominance
An organism's ____________ is the physical form of a trait. The is how an organism looks.
phenotype
What holds the base pairs together and needs to be "unzipped" before copying DNA?
hydrogen bonds
What is a change in the heredity materials of an organism?
mutation
When Mendel crossed a true breed purple flower pea plant with a true breed white flower pea plant, what was the genotype of the first generation?
Pp
When 2 or more genes code for a trait. Think: What you see in the mirror.
polygenic traits
Describe the genotype of the alleles "AA"
Homozygous Dominate
double heliz
When DNA is making a copy of itself, these special molecules break down hydrogen bonds.
helicase
What is the phenotype ratio of the first generation of pea plants?
4:0
An abnormal condition that an organism inherits from its parents.
genetic disorder
Describe the alleles "aa"
homozygous recessive