Vocab
Manor
A large estate, often including farms and a village ruled by a lord.
Why did manors have to be self-sufficient?
Because they were very far away from other town and villages so they had to be able to supply their own needs.
What unique opportunity did convents offer to women?
The opportunity to receive an education.
What was the Holy Land?
Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding areas where Jesus lived and taught.
What is nation building?
The process of combining smaller communities into a single nation with a national identity and a national government.
Crusades
A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy Land back from Muslim control.
What was the role of noblewomen?
She managed the household, preformed necessary medical tasks, supervised servants and made important decisions when her husband or father was away fighting.
Why were glass windows and sculptures important?
Because they depicted religious stories and presented the lives of the saints to common people who didn't know how to read.
Why did the pope want to conquer the Holy Land?
The pope wanted to conquer the Holy Land to enable Christian pilgrims to visit Jerusalem. He also hoped that Europeans would unit against a common enemy and stop fighting each other. And he hoped to gain power and prestige for himself and the church.
What are things people of a nation share?
Guild
A medieval organization of crafts workers or tradespeople.
What would a knight receive in exchange for serving his lord?
Honor and Land
What gave the church so much political power?
The combination of its religious power and the economic power it obtained from collecting taxes and being the single largest landowner in Europe.
Why did Saladin refuse to give up Jerusalem?
He said that Jerusalem was as important to Muslims as it was to Christians.
What was the Hundred Years War?
It was a long series of clashes between England and France that lasted from 1337-1453
Scabbard
A case or cover for a sword or dagger.
Explain in your own words how the feudalism system worked.
OA
What does excommunication mean?
Being expelled from membership in the church.
What were the main effects of the Crusades?
Revival of trade, growth of cities, increased use of money, introduction of new ideas and technology.
What is one reason for the decline of the feudal system?
The growth of trade and towns. And because the Crusades weakened nobles.
Magna Carta
The "Great Charter" in which the kings power over his nobles was limited, agreed to by King John of England in 1215.
How and why might a serf become free?
A serf could become free by buying a plot of land or by running away to a city without being caught for a year and a day.
A boy become an apprentice for up to seven years. Then he became a salaried worker, or journeyman. If guild members thought his work met standards, he was then invited to join the guild.
How many major military expeditions did the Church laugh in order to capture the Holy Land?
8
Explain two effects of the Hundred Years War.
New weapons were developed during the war which increased the importance of soldiers and decreased the importance of knights. The War inspired national feeling. It gave kings more power. It helped set the modern boundaries for England and France. It ultimately led England to explore and colonize distant lands.
Troubadour
A traveling poet and musician of the Middle Ages.
What did vassals use to pay their taxes?
Crops
What disease wiped out 1/3 of Europes population between 1347 and 1351? And how was it spread?
The bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death.It was spread by fleas living on the rats.
How did the Turks' attack on the Byzantine Empire help trigger the Crusades?
The Byzantine Emperor in Constantinople asked Pope Urban the second to send knights to help Constantinople defend against an attack by Muslim Turks. Pope Urban the second agreed to help and declared war against the Turks, who were also occupying the Holy Land.
How did King John anger the people, and how did he anger the church?
He angered the people by taxing them heavily, and jailing his enemies unjustly. He angered the church by objecting to the appointment of a bishop, and seizing the churches property.