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European Conquest of the Americas
Colonial Experience
Transatlantic Slave Trade
Commercial Revolution
Miscellaneous
100
Which key factor fueled competition between European countries for colonies in the Americas a) A European shortage of pepper and nutmeg b) A mandate from the papacy c) A desire to control sources of gold and silver d) the need to secure laborers for factories in Europe
What is c) A desire to control sources of gold and silver Explanation: the more goods you have, the more money you can receive from trade
100
How did the Commercial Revolution change economic practices in Europe? 1.The manorial system was established. 2.A capitalist economy was developed. 3.The Church became a major economic power 4.Colonies were granted independence.
What is 2) a capitalist economy was developed Explanation: a capitalist economy increases the number of trading expeditions across oceans
100
What was an effect of the trans-Atlantic slave trade of Africa between 1500 and 1800 a) Power in south Africa shifted between kingdoms in the interior coastal regions b) Malaria was introduced to the tropical regions of Africa c) Islam became dominant in the sub-Saharan regions d) Plantation agriculture was developed in the great rift valley
What is a) Power in south Africa shifted between kingdoms in the interior coastal regions Explanation: people from Africa were being taken for slavery and population decreased
100
Which was a result of the Commercial Revolution 1.decline in population growth in Europe 2. shift of power from Western Europe to Eastern Europe 3.spread of feudalism throughout Western Europe 4.expansion of European influence overseas
What is 4) expansion of European influence overseas Explanation: The Commercial Revolution gave rise to the joint-stock company which allowed for the funding of many voyages from Europe to discover riches and establish trade routes. These voyages eventually resulted in the establishment of European colonies in areas around the world.
100
A major result of the Age of Exploration was 1.a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of Western Europe 2.extensive migration of people from the Western Hemisphere to Europe and Asia 3.the fall of European national monarchies and the end of the power of the Catholic Church 4. the end of regional isolation and the beginning of a period of European global domination
What is 4. the end of regional isolation and the beginning of a period of European global domination Explanation: Prior to the Age of Exploration, contact between cultures around the world mainly centered on trade. During the Age of Exploration, whole populations of people migrated to different areas of the world and exchanges between different regions began to occur much more frequently and regularly.
200
Which was an immediate result of the European Age of Exploration? 1.Islamic culture spread across Africa and Asia 2.European influence spread to the Western hemisphere 3.independence movements developed in Asia and Africa 4.military dictatorships were established throughout Europe
What is 2) European influence spread to the western hemisphere Explanation: Immediately after the discovery of the North and South American continents by European explorers, conquistadors and settlers were sent to claim land and goods for European countries. In doing so, European languages, customs, and religious practices were introduced as well.
200
During the 1800s, many Latin American countries were characterized by a (1) reliance on cash crops (2) transition to command economies (3) redistribution of land to the peasants (4) withdrawal from the world market
What is (1) reliance on cash crops Explanation: the trading of crops increased the amount of money the Latin American countries had.
200
One way in which the Atlantic slave trade and the Jewish diaspora are similar is that both 1.forced people to migrate 2.encouraged the growth of secularism 3.created conditions leading to the Encounter 4.resulted from the fall of Constantinople
What is 1) forced people to migrate Explanation: people were trying to avoid being taken for slavery
200
The Commercial Revolution in Western Europe led directly to the 1.development of a socialist economy 2.establishment of the Guild System 3.weakening of the power of the middle class 4.expansion of world trade
What is 4) expansion of world trade Explanation: The Commercial Revolution in Europe began when new forms of business organization, such as the joint-stock company, were used which led to a great increase in global commerce.
200
The influence of African culture on some areas of Latin America was largely a result of the 1.American Revolution 2.building of the Panama Canal 3.success of Communist Revolutions 4.Atlantic slave trade
What is 4.Atlantic slave trade Explanation: Cultural diffusion occurred when Africans were brought to the Americas during the Slave Trade.
300
Which situation came first? (1) Spain introduced the encomienda system. (2) Portugal claimed Brazil. (3) Spain and Portugal competed for colonies in the Americas. (4) Columbus arrived in the Caribbean region
What is (4) Columbus arrived in the Caribbean region Explanation: Christopher Columbus arrived in the Caribbean region in 1492
300
The Spanish encomienda system in the Americas resulted in 1) the strengthening of indigenous cultures 2) political independence for the colonies 3) the exploitation of the natives 4) religious freedom for the majority of peasants
What is 3) the exploitation of the natives Explanation: the encomienda system forced native Americans to till the land and work the mines
300
In Latin America during the early period of Spanish colonialism, the deaths of large numbers of the native people led to 1.a decline in Spanish immigration to the Americas 2. the removal of most Spanish troops from the Americas 3. the importation of slaves from Africa 4. improved health care in the colonies
What is 3. the importation of slaves from Africa Explanation: When Native American proved to be an unsuitable labor force for Spanish colonies, Europeans began importing African slaves to meet this demand.
300
The development of banking during the Commercial Revolution in western Europe was significant because it (1) provided capital resources to merchants for investment (2) allowed peasant farmers to finance the construction of new homes (3) enabled the proletariat to challenge the bourgeoisie (4) created pensions for retired workers
What is (1) provided capital resources to merchants for investment Explanation: in a capitalist economy entrepreneurs need money top fuel their business and a place to keep the money
300
In Latin America, the Maya and the Aztec civilizations were similar in that they 1.showed little evidence of urbanization 2.lacked a strong central government 3.developed complex mathematical and calendar systems 4.used military weapons superior to those of Europeans
What is 3.developed complex mathematical and calendar systems Explanation: Among the many technological achievements of the Maya and Aztec, are their use of the mathematical concept of zero, and development of a 365-day calendar.
400
Which region's colonial class structure included peninsulares, creoles, and mestizos 1) western Europe 2) sub-Saharan Africa 3) East Asia 4) Latin America
What is 4) Latin America Explanation: Peninsulares were the highest class, then creoles, and finally mestizos
400
The encomienda system, the latifundia form of land ownership, and the office of viceroy are all closely associated with 1) Spanish rule in Latin America 2) pre-Colombian practices of native Americans 3) attempts halt the drug trade in south America 4) reduction of trade barriers in the western hemisphere
What is 1) Spanish rule in Latin America Explanation: the encomienda system was implemented by the Spanish when they took over Latin America
400
which country is responsible for the extensive colonial use of the encomienda labor system? 1) England 2) France 3)the Netherlands 4) Spain
What is 4) Spain Explanation: Spain introduced the encomienda system
400
What was one result of the commercial revolution in Europe? 1) decrease in the size of the middle class 2) expansion of the manor system 3) development of financial institutions 4) wider use of the barter system
What is 3) development of financial institutions Explanation: as capitalism increased the need for financial institutions increased
400
A study of Mayas, Aztecs, and Incas would show that these ancient American civilizations 1.produced few cultural achievements 2.lived at peace with their neighbors 3.welcomed the new technology brought by European explorers 4.rivaled the accomplishments of early Middle Eastern cultures
What is 4.rivaled the accomplishments of early Middle Eastern cultures Explanation: These Latin America civilizations boasted incredible achievements in technology and the arts. The massive structures built by these people are testament to their ability and determination. All told, their accomplishments are on par with those of the early civilizations located in Egypt and the Fertile Crescent.
500
Which statement accurately reflects population changes that occurred as a result of the age of exploration? 1) most Latin American populations became culturally diverse 2) one third of Europe's population died due to exposure to diseases from the Americas 3) the introduction of goods from the Americas caused a decline in Asian populations 4) Native Americans migrated to Africa causing increases in African populations
What is 1) most Latin American populations became culturally diverse Explanation: the different people who went to Latin America had a different culture and taught it to the natives
500
what was one effect of the Columbian exchange on western society? 1) migration to the Americas declined 2)horses were acquired for the first time 3) the population increased with the introduction of new foods 4) the Christian church was divided into Roman Catholic and Orthodox
What is 3) the population increased with the introduction of new foods Explanation: more people were able to eat because of trade
500
the encounter occurred as a result of European explorers crossing the 1) Atlantic ocean 2) Sahara desert 3) Andes mountains 4) Mediterranean sea
What is 1) Atlantic ocean explanation: Europeans had to cross the Atlantic ocean to get to the Americas
500
what was one result of the European commercial revolution? 1) a decline in the spice trade 2) the destruction of papacy 3) the development of capitalism 4) an increased reliance on bartering
What is 3) the development of capitalism Explanation: capitalism increased the number of trading expeditions across oceans
500
One reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec and Inca Empires rapid is that 1.these empires had no standing armies 2.the Spanish had better weapons than the Aztecs and Incas did 3.the Spanish greatly outnumbered the Aztecs and Incas 4.the Aztecs and Incas joined together to fight the Spanish
What is 2.the Spanish had better weapons than the Aztecs and Incas did Explanation: the Spanish knew how to work with metal and were able to make weapons