The Beginning
Explain the European explorer motto, "For Gold! For God! For Glory!"
For gold= Spanish Conquistadors were in search of economical benefit
For god= Wanted to spread Christianity
For glory= Explorers wanted honor for their and country and to become famous
1. How did Prince Henry of Portugal get the nickname, "Henry the Navigator?"
2. What was the main cargo on the "Middle Passage" of the Triangular Trade?
He was interested in sailing & established a sailing school sponsoring sea expeditions.
Slaves
Who was Hernan Cortes and who did he conquer?
Hernan Cortes was a Spaniard explorer who conquered the Aztecs.
1. Who did Jacques Cartier claim land for in Canada?
2. Which country did Christopher Columbus sail for?
France
Spain
The "Middle Passage" of Triangular Trade brought ___________ to the Americas?
Slaves
1. What was the main reason Spanish Conquistadors went to the Americas?
2. Where did Christopher Columbus first land in the Americas?
To discover gold and spread Christianity
Cuba
Which two countries dominated the colonization of South America in the 1600's?
Despite their efforts why weren't the Spanish able to enslave Native Americans?
Spain & Portugal
Natives died due to illness
Give 3 reasons Cortes was able to conquer the Aztecs.
- Weapons
- Smallpox disease
- Aztecs believed he was a god
Which two factors in Europe led to the desire to find new all-water trade routes to the east?
What two explorers did Portugal first send out to find all-sea trade routes to Asia?
Crusades & Renaissance
Bartolomeu Dias and Vasco da Gama
____________was traded between Europe and Africa.
Iron Products
1. Balboa was the first European explorer to cross which piece of land in the Americas?
2. Why did Henry Hudson choose to explore North America instead of South America?
Isthmus of Panama
Didn't want tensions between the Spanish and Portugal
Give 2 reasons why Christopher Columbus is hero & villain
Hero= Discovered new land, & located new trade routes
Villain= Imprisoned Hundreds of people in Hispaniola
Incarcerated in Spain due to abuse of Spanish colonists
Who is Francisco Pizarro and who did he conquer?
An explorer who betrayed Balboa and conquered the Incas
Define an astrolabe and quadrant
astrolabe= determined ship's latitude by using the sun.
quadrant= identified ship's longitude
Both kept sailors on track without getting lost.
What was traded between Africa and the Americas?
Slaves & Gold
1. What was the European powers' primary goal in establishing colonies in the America's?
2. Before Triangular Trade system developed, the African slave trade was mainly a result of what?
Obtaining Wealth
Europe's demand for cheap labor
What were the negative effects of European exploration/settlement in Americas?
(What Native American sees)
- Culture destroyer
- Invaders
- Disease (Smallpox)
Give 3 reasons why Pizarro was able to conquer the Incas.
- Civil War- Country was divided due to king's death
- Desire for Wealth- Gold & Silver wasn't valuable to Incas
- Civil war- Spanish had better weapons/armor
Why were the continents of the New World named after Amerigo Vespucci?
He realized he was in new land instead of Asia
______________ was exchanged between the Americas and Europe.
Fish, Whale, Oil, Lumber, & Tobacco
1. Advances in time measurement helped enable transatlantic voyages because marines who could accurately measure time were able to do what?
2. Where did America Vespucci mainly explore?
Calculate Location by using the sun's position
South American Coast
What were the positive effects of European exploration/settlement in the Americas?
(What conquistador sees).
- Possible Wealth
- Cheap Labor Force
- Spread Christianity
1. Where did Henry Hudson claim land for the Netherlands in North America?
2. Name two explorers that searched for the Northwest Passage?
Present-day New York
Cabot & Hudson
What shape is the Triangular Trade?
A triangle
How did lateen sails improve caravel ships?
Increase speed/stability