Spain
Who conquered the Aztec Empire?
Hernán Cortés
Who claimed land for France in North America in the 1530s?
Jacques Cartier
What was England’s first permanent colony in America?
Jamestown (1607)
Which Native American tribe helped Jamestown survive?
Powhatan
Which colony disappeared and is known as the “Lost Colony”?
Roanoke
Who conquered the Inca Empire?
Francisco Pizarro
What city did Samuel de Champlain found in 1608?
Quebec
What was the “Starving Time”?
A harsh winter when many Jamestown settlers died from hunger/disease
Who was Pocahontas?
Daughter of Powhatan who helped keep peace with the English
Why was Jamestown’s location challenging for settlers?
Swampy land, unhealthy water, and mosquitoes
What helped Spain defeat Native empires besides weapons?
Diseases like smallpox
What was France’s main economic activity in New France?
Fur trade
Who introduced tobacco to Jamestown, helping it survive?
John Rolfe
How did Native Americans help the French in New France?
Fur trading and showing hunting grounds
What cash crop made Jamestown profitable?
Tobacco
What did Spanish missionaries want to spread in the Americas?
Christianity
Who claimed the Mississippi River valley and named it Louisiana?
Robert de La Salle
What was the first English attempt at a colony before Jamestown?
Roanoke (the “Lost Colony”)
What was one negative effect of European settlement on Native Americans?
Loss of land, culture, and many deaths from disease/violence
Why did so few people settle in New France?
Cold climate and harsh winters
What was Spain’s main goal in exploring the Americas?
Gold, God, and Glory
Why were American Indians important to the French?
They traded furs and guided the French to hunting grounds
Who gave the Virginia Company the charter to start Jamestown?
King James I
How did alliances with Europeans sometimes help Native tribes?
Provided trade opportunities and military support against rivals
How did Louisiana benefit France?
Controlled the Mississippi River and trade routes