Early Europe
This Frankish king stopped the progression of Islamic rule into western Europe at Tours
Charles Martel (or the Hammer)
The Leader of the Roman Catholic Church is chosen how?
He is elected by the college of Cardinals
During the decline of feudalism, people started to live in what more?
Towns
Alongside the rise of nation-states was the rise of this smaller version, called what?
City-states
This is a kind of religious war called by the Pope
A Crusade
This Frankish king took on the title of Emperor of the Romans on Christmas Day, 800
Charlemagne or Charles the Great
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, how was some knowledge preserved?
In Roman Catholic monasteries and Cathedrals
Who did towns swear loyalty to? The local lord or the king?
The King
What was the most powerful city state during this time frame?
Venice
The Reconquista took how long?
781 Years
In Feudalism who was actually the most powerful in the social hierarchy?
The Lords under the King
What makes a Cathedral different from a normal church?
It's the seat of power for a Bishop
What kind of alliance entailed marrying one's heir to another child of an important ruler?
A marriage alliance
Previously, the Popes had been able to exert a great deal of control over kings and emperors, but Pope Gregory the IX tried to fight the blank Emperor and lost
Holy Roman (or German)
We talked about three cities that universities popped up in, what were they?
Paris, Bologna, and Salerno
The Franks moved into France, the Lombards moved into Italy, the Goths moved into Spain, and the Saxons moved into where?
The British Isles (or England)
Which pope is regarded as having ruled during the height of Papal Authority?
Pope Innocent III
What was the name of the man whose family would become the royal family of France?
Hugh Capet
What document was key in limiting the power of the King of England?
The Magna Carta
How was the Black Death spread?
Primarily through the fleas that lived on rats
The Western Roman Empire fell when?
During the year 476
Which Pope helped to shape how the Church views Jesus during the Council of Chalcedon
Pope Leo the First
William the Conqueror, future King of England came from where?
Normandy in France
What made Venice so different to the rest of Europe, aside from them being a city-state?
They were very tolerant of other religions and beliefs, as long as they could make money off of them
The Hundred Years War was actually how long?
116 years