Motives
Europeans wanted to find new land to grow this cash crop that had high demand in Europe.
What is sugar?
Device adopted from Chinese sailors that helped determine direction at sea.
What is the magnetic compass?
Island chain conquered by Spain and used as an early Atlantic base for exploration.
What are the Canary Islands?
Explorer who first landed in the Caribbean in 1492 thinking he reached Asia.
Who was Christopher Columbus?
The person who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Who is Michelangelo?
Europeans sought to eliminate this group of middlemen in Asian trade to increase profits.
Who were Muslim merchants?
Triangular sail that allowed ships to maneuver against the wind.
What is a lateen sail?
This Portuguese prince captured Ceuta in 1415, marking the start of major European exploration.
Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?
Columbus thought he reached this region famous for spices when he landed in the Caribbean.
What are the Indies?
This animal made desert caravans possible across the Sahara.
What is a Camel?
This religion motivated Europeans to explore and convert new peoples.
What is Christianity?
Name one of the two new tools (after the astrolabe) Europeans used to measure latitude.
What is a cross staff or back staff?
Bartolomeu Dias was the first to round this southern tip of Africa in 1488.
What is the Cape of Good Hope?
Vasco Núñez de Balboa was the first European to see this ocean from the Americas (1513).
What is the Pacific Ocean?
This central Italian territory was ruled directly by the Pope and served as the political base of the papacy.
What is the Papal State?
Portuguese prince who promoted exploration to gain gold, spread the Christian religion, and learn about Muslim powers.
Who was Prince Henry “the Navigator”?
Two types of sails used together on European ships to improve navigation.
What are square sails and lateen sails?
Vasco da Gama reached this major spice port in India in 1498.
What is Calicut?
First explorer to circumnavigate the globe (his crew completed the journey).
Who was Ferdinand Magellan?
These two mendicant orders, founded in the 13th century, worked within the Church to combat heresy and promote spiritual values over materialism.
Who were the Dominicans and Franciscans?
Vasco da Gama told Calicut officials he was looking for these two things.
What are “Christians and spices”?
This sailing strategy, meaning “return through the sea,” helped sailors return from the Canary Islands by using westerlies instead of fighting the trade winds.
What is the volta do mar?
Name one resource Portugal sought in west Africa before reaching India.
What is gold, ivory, or enslaved people?
Magellan believed the Spice Islands were close to this coast of the Americas.
What is the Coast of South America?
Tonga, Samoa, and Fiji linked politically and socially through trade and this personal practice.
What is intermarriage?