Everything Alcohols (Chapter 8)

IUPAC

100

If an alcohol is not the highest priority group, what is it's prefix?

Hydroxy-

200

What is the IUPAC name for t-butyl alcohol?

2-methyl-2-propanol

300

If a carbon chain has two alcohols on it, how do you name it accordingly?

Diol (in place of -ol)

400

What's the IUPAC name for glycerol?

1,2,3-propanetriol

500

Draw the Structure: Cyclopentylmethanol

(Image on another tab)

Grignard Reagents

100

Grignard Reagents are also a kind of __________ reagents. 

Organometallic (Reagents)

200

What solvent do we use for Grignard Reagents?

Diethyl Ether (Et₂O)

300

What is the last reagent used in a Grignard Reaction?

H₃O⁺

400

What is known to stabilize a Grignard Reagent?

Ethers

500

What are the two kinds of bonds/groups seen as a the products of Grignard Reagents?

Carbon-Carbon bonds and Alcohols

Hydride Reagents

100

In a hydride reagent, what atom is the nucleophile?

A Hydrogen

200

Name both of the hydride reagents

LiAlH₄: Lithium Aluminum Hydride

NaBH₄: Sodium Borohydride

300

Hydride reagents are used to accomplish what?

The reduction of a carbonyl to an alcohol

400

Which two functional groups can both hydride reagent react with?

Aldehydes and Ketones

500

Make a starting material that LiAlH₄ would be the only hydride reagent that could reduce it. 

Student's answers will vary but it must be an epoxide, an alkyl halide, an acid, or an ester.

Reactivity

100

What hybridization(s) are allowed for a grignard reagent? 

sp³: 1^o, 2^o, 3^o alkyl halides

sp²: phenyl or alkenyl

200

When an epoxide ring is broken, what kind of product do we typically see? 

A trans structure with the formation of an alcohol

300

LAH, as a reagent, can react with six different kinds of starting materials. List at least 3 of them and what the reagent turns it into.

Acid: 1^o alcohol | Ester: 1^o alcohol | Aldehyde: 1^o alcohol | Ketone: 2^o alcohol | Epoxide: an alcohol | Alkyl Halide: the Alkyl group

400

What reagent can we expect to react with alkyl halides?

Alkyl Lithium

500

What are four ways to prepare an alcohol?

SN2, SN1, Grignard, Hydride Reagent

Miscellaneous

100

In lecture, thioethers were covered. What other name did we learn the functional group as?

Sulfides

200

What does Amphoteric mean?

The ability to act as either a base or an acid

300

Which has the higher density: Bromomethane or Methanol?

Methanol

400

Alcohols, as a naming priority, are prioritized after what? Name at least two functional groups that out rank alcohols.

RCO₂H acids > Aldehydes > Ketones

500

What was Dr. Burns's PSA about?

The importance of NOT dumping glycol since it's toxic (but is sweet).