Earth and Space
What causes the 24 hour day/night cycle on earth?
the rotation of the Earth on its axis.
During which season do we get the most hours of sunlight?
Summer
More direct light = more hours in the sun
a force is a _______ or _______
Push or pull
Plants are _______ because they do not need to consume other organisms for energy
Producers
Which tool could you use to separate a mixture of iron nails and wood chips?
Magnet
(iron is one of the few materials on earth that is magnetic)
The sun rises in the ____
Sets in the ____
Shadow is always ____
east
west
opposite
____ breaks sediment
____ moves sediment
____ drops sediment
Weathering, erosion, and deposition
Which type of energy is created by the rapid back-and-forth movement of objects (vibration)?
Sound Energy
What does the arrow on a food web mean?
Transfer of energy
(arrow points to the direction the energy travels on a food web)
A student drops an apple in water and notices that it does not sink. This is because...
The apple is less dense than water
The water is more dense than the apple
Why do shadows appear to move throughout the day?
The rotation of the earth changes the position of the sun in Earth's sky
What is the difference between the formation of a U valley and a V valley?
U valleys are slowly scooped out by glaciers
V valleys are carved out by rivers
A soccer ball is resting on the field. In one situation, a player’s foot is next to the ball but not touching it. In another situation, the player kicks the ball.
Describe how the forces are acting in both situations
The ball does not move=equal forces
The ball changes motion= unequal forces
The downy feathers of a baby bird and the fluffy fur on an arctic fox both have the same function: to trap air. Why would an animal want fur/feathers that traps air close to the skin?
What is the difference between an mixture and a solution?
a mixture can be easily separated, a solution happens when something is dissolved (like salt in water), and it is harder to separate.
Which of the following is an example of Climate?
"This summer has been the hottest summer in over 50 years!"
"The average annual precipitation is about 50 inches"
Averages are made when you collect data from many years, and use it to calculate a typical year.
layers of sediment pressing down on each other is called _____
Gaps are filled between rocks and sediment, creating a new rock. this last step is called ______
compaction- layers pressing down
Cementation- fuse sediment together
A student is testing how the angle of a ramp changes how far a ball rolls. What are the independent and dependent variables in this experiment?
Independent: tilt of ramp
Dependent: How far the ball travels
An animal exhibits the following adapations.
What environment is it most likely best adapted for?
Swamp. The creature needs a constant source of water for breathing and reproducing.
Stephanie's mother is taking dinner out of the oven. She uses a towel to grab the hot pan. Stephanie's mother is using the towel because it acts as a...
The towel is acting as a thermal insulator.
Deltas and sand dunes have one thing in common. Both are formed through the rock cycle process of ____
Deposition
Sand dune: wind deposition
Delta: water deposition
A coastal town near the equator gets more precipitation than a northern town that is a 5 hour drive from the ocean. Why?
Water + Heat = evaporation
Hot coastal towns have more rain because there is more water in the air that condenses and precipitates.
A student is building a circuit. He does not have enough wire to complete the circuit, so he uses a piece of yarn to finish the loop.
This creates a(n) _____ circuit because yarn is an electrical _____
Open circuit
Electrical insulator
Plants that live in environments with very little precipitation often have waxy, smooth skin on their leaves. What is the function of this adaptation?
Waxy skin acts a a waterproof barrier. Prevents water loss.
A student is sorting matter into groups. One group has wooden pencils, aluminum foil, plastic dice, and a ceramic mug. What property of matter did the student use to sort all of these objects in the same category?
State of Matter (the objects are all solids)