Show:
Darwin and his influences
Natural Selection
Evidence for Evolution
MORE Evidence for Evolution
???
100
Islands off the coast of South America that Darwin visited while aboard the HMS Beagle
What are the Galapagos Islands?
100
Differences among individuals of the same species
What is variation?
100
Preserved remains or evidence of an ancient organism
What is a fossil?
100
Study of the distribution of living organisms
What is biogeography?
100
Possible explanation for a set of observations or possible answer to a scientific question. Requires further testing.
What is a hypothesis?
200
Scientist who proposed the theory that by selective use or disuse of organs, organisms could acquire or lose certain traits during their lifetime and pass these on to offspring
Who is Lamarck?
200
The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
What is fitness?
200
Structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissue (such as a bat wing and human arm)
What are homologous structures?
200
Organ that serves no useful function in an organism (for example, the human appendix)
What is a vestigial structure?
200
Change in a kind of organism over time; process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms
What is evolution?
300
Two geologists whose work on the age of the Earth and the processes that shaped it influenced Darwin
Who are Hutton and Lyell?
300
Any inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chances of survival. May be physical or behavioral.
What is an adaptation?
300
Structures with very different anatomies but similar functions. Seen in organisms that live in similar environments and have similar adaptations but are not necessarily closely related (for example, a butterfly wing and bird wing)
What are analogous structures?
300
Abrupt mutations in a few regulatory genes occur after a species has existed for a long period of time resulting in the ENTIRE species shifting to a new species
What is phyletic speciation?
300
A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations in science
What is a theory?
400
The book where Darwin presented natural selection as a mechanism for evolution in 1859
What is On the Origin of Species?
400
Process by which individuals that are better suited for their environment survive and reproduce most successfully
What is survival of the fittest or natural selection?
400
Theory that organisms evolve through slow and constant change
What is gradualism?
400
The gradual accumulation of small genetic changes results in the splitting of one species into two species
What is divergent speciation?
400
Similarities in the early stages of embryos of vertebrates indicates this
What is a common ancestor?
500
Selection by humans for breeding of useful traits from the natural variation of different organisms (such as in crops or livestock)
What is artificial selection?
500
Where new traits come from within a species. Whether or not they are harmful, helpful or neutral is determined by the environment
What is a genetic mutation?
500
Theory that species evolve very rapidly and then stay the same for long periods of time
What is punctuated equilibrium?
500
A visual reconstruction of the evolutionary history of a group of animals based on the distribution of newly evolved features. Typically drawn as branching diagrams.
What is a cladogram?
500
More closely related species share more DNA in common. This is due to the fact that there has been less time for these to occur.
What are mutations?