Homologous and Analogous
Vestigial Structures
DNA/ Biochemical
Embryology
Fossil Record
100
What are homologous structures?
Body parts of organisms that are the same structures but have different functions
100
What is a vestigial structure?
Body parts that have lost their original function through evolution. Body parts that are not used anymore
100
Biochemical evidence (Molecular biology) looks at how similar or different _____ is in different animals.
DNA
100
What is embryology?
The science of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth.
100
Naturally preserved remains of bones, feces, and imprints or traces of organisms that lived long ago are called what?
fossils
200
What is an Analogous structure?
Body parts of organisms that have similar functions but differ structures
200
How are vestigial structures evidence of descent from ancestral species?
A structure with no function in a living species suggests that it descended from an ancestor that used the structure.
200
Two organisms that are closely related would have
A. very similar DNA sequence
B.exactly the same DNA sequences
C. no proteins in common
D. completely different DNA sequence
A. very similar DNA sequence
200
What is an embryo?
An unborn or unhatched offspring in the process of development.
200
What can happen to fossils that can sometimes make them bad pieces of evolution?
They can break, break down, or you can be missing a piece
300
The wings of a butterfly and the wings of an eagle are an example of:
Analogous Structures
300
What was the purpose of our appendix?
Help digest food, store good bacteria
300
In the table to the below, the DNA found in five primate species was compared to the DNA found in humans. The number of sequence differences was recorded. Based on the data in this table, who is the most related to humans?
Gorillas
300
All humans have tails as embryos. What do these tails develop into before we are born?
Our tailbone
300
Which layer is the oldest?
Layer A
The deeper the older
400
The leg of a cat and the wing of a bird are an example of:
Homologous Structures
400
What are examples of vestigial structures in humans?
Appendix, tailbone, wisdom teeth, body hair
400
If I wanted to look at DNA to study evolution, I am using what evidence?
A. comparative anatomy
B. molecular
C. embryology
D. fossil record
B. molecular
400
Besides tails (bone spine) and spinal cords, what other feature do all vertebrates share in early development. They develop into lungs later for some mammals including humans.
gill slits
400
Which of the following is a fossil?
A. a plant that has recently died
B. a group of organisms that can reproduce
C. a structure or organ that no longer functions
D. a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
D. a trace of an organisms that existed in the past
500
Do homologous or analogous structures give us more evidence about two species sharing a common ancestor?
homologous because it shows they may have a recent common ancestor instead of just living in similar environments.
500
What is one vestigial structure in a whale?
Hind legs, pelvis
500
How is molecular biology used to determine relationships among species?
By comparing shared DNA in different species to see how closely they match. The closer they match, the more likely they're related.
500
How can embryos be used as evidence of a common ancestor between organisms?
Evidence of common anatomy in embryos suggests that they are closely related or share a common ancestor because they have similar anatomy in certain stages as they develop. The more similar they look in their stages of development the more related they are.
500
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
A. Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
B. Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
C. Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
D. Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
C. Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past