Evidence of Plate Motions
In this step of sea-floor spreading, molten material flows upward in a crack in Earth's crust.
What is Step 1?
Mountain ranges are created by these types of boundaries.
What are convergent boundaries?
The force that acts on a rock to change it's shape or volume.
What is stress?
Thsi structure forms in Earth's crust when magma reaches Earth's Surface.
What is a Volcano?
Traces of organisms preserved in rock.
What are fossils?
Earthquakes occur these types of boundaries.
What are transform boundaries?
The release of energy caused by the movement of tectonic plates.
What is an Earthquake?
Once magma reaches the surface of the Earth, it is called this.
What is lava?
These deposits are made up of the remains of plants that thrived in warm locations millions of years ago.
What are coal deposits?
The idea of behind continental drift is know as this theory.
What is plate tectonics?
This type of stress pulls on the Earth's crust, stretching it to make it thinner.
What is tension?
Another term for a composite volcano.
What is a stratovolcano?
An idea that is can be tested by experimentation or investigation.
What is a hypothesis?
Plates move apart, or away, from each other at this type of boundary.
What is a divergent boundary?
A wave or series of waves produced by an earthquake or landslide.
What is a Tsunami?
This molten material is a mixture of rock-forming substances, gases, and water from the mantle.
What is magma?
In this step of sea-floor spreading, molten material flows upward in a crack in Earth's crust.
What is Step 1?
Mid-Ocean ridges and rift valleys are features of this type of boundary.
What is a divergent boundary?
This occurs when when rock is pushed in two opposite directions to the point that it bends or breaks..
What is Shearing?
What is an extinct volcano?
Which ocean covers most of the Earth?
What is the Pacific Ocean?
The location where oceanic crust can be found.
Where is the bottom of the ocean?
A break in the rock of Earth's crust or mantle is called this.
What is a fault?
Also known as a sleeping volcano.
What is a dormant volcano?
In 1912, this German meteorologist developed the hypothesis that all of the continents had once been fused together, and over time had drifted apart.
Who is Alfred Wegener?
This thicker type of crust is located above sea level.
What is continental crust?
Vibrations that travel through through Earth carrying energy released by various processes such as Earthquakes ocean storms, and volcanic eruptions.
What are seismic waves?
When cooled, lava forms this.
What is solid rock?
In this step of sea-floor spreading, the the ocean floor gradually becomes wider.
What is step 4?
When two oceanic plates collide and one subducts, this is formed.
What is an ocean trench?
The San Andreas fault in California this type of fault.
What is a strike-slip fault?
An area where lava frewuently erupts at the surface, independent of plate oundary processes.
What is a hot spot?
A process where molten rock flows up through a crack in Earth's crust and hardens into solid strips of new rock on both sides of the crack.
What is sea-floor spreading?
This tectonic plate makes up the "Ring of Fire".
What is the Pacific Plate?
This types of stress squeezes rock until it bends or breaks.
What is compression?
The Hwaiian islands continued to be produced by this type of volcanic eruption.
What is a quiet eruption?
The sinking movement of ocean floor back into the mantle.
What is subduction?
The point at which two tectonic plates slip past each other.
What is a transverse boundary?
Name three types of faults
What is a normal fault, reverse-fault, and strike slip fault?
A Scientist that studies Volcanoes.
What is a Volcanologist?
In this step of sea-floor spreading, the molten material hardens into solid strips of rock on both sides of the crack.
What is step 2?
Earthquakes and tsunamis are more common near these boundaries.
What are plate boundaries?
The device that measures seismic waves.
What is a Seismograph?
This type of volcanoe has alternating layers of hardened lava and ask.
What is a composite volcano?
In this step of sea-floor spreading, the ocean floor on both sides of the crack moves farther away from the mid-ocean ridge.
What is step 3?
The dense type of crust found at the bottom of the ocean.
What is oceanic crust?
In a strike-slip fault, this type of boundary can be found.
What is a transverse boundary?
This device measures concentrations of volcanic gases by measuring how much light passes through them.
What is a spectrometer?
Long zipper-like chains of undersea mountains.
What are mid-ocean ridges?
Tectonic plates come together at this type of boundary.
What is a convergent boundary?
The single number that geologists use to assign to an earthquake's size and energy released.
What is magnitude?
Volcanoes form at this type of plate boundary when plates move apart and rock rises to fill the vacant space.
What are divergent boundaries?
In this process, material is continually added to the ocean floor on both sides of the ridge.
What is sea-floor spreading?
Convection currents that drive tectonic plate movement are located in this part of the Earth.
What is the mantle?
The place on earth where many of the Earth's earthquakes occur.
What is the Ring of Fire?
A hot spot can form this type of volcano that is found at Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming.
What is a supervolcano?
Undersea valleys that are the deepest parts of the ocean.
What are ocean trenches?
Both boiling water and tectonic plates move due to this.
What are convection currents?
In a reverse fault, this type of boundary can be found.
What is a convergent boundary?
The activity of volcanoes is called this.
What is Volcanism?