EVM oceans

Layer

100

define surface currents

currents that are on the surface of the ocean

200

Define the term "limiting factors"

A limiting factor is anything that constrains a population's size and slows or stops it from growing. Some examples of limiting factors are biotic, like food, mates, and competition with other organisms for resources.

300

List three things that humans can gain from oceans

Chemicals and building materials, Food, Wave and tidal energy, Tourism money, transport.

400

Why do humans overfish, name 2 reasons

- In order to feed the growing population

- In order to obtain resources such as medicine 

- poor management of fishes

- lack of protective regulations

500

List 5 types of ships

Bulk carriers, container ships, tankers, refrigerated ships, roll-on/roll-off ships, coastal trading vessels, ferries, cruise ships, ocean liner

Slayer

100

full form of ENSO

El nino southern ocisllation

200

2 ways to conserve the population of fish

- Other types of fishing

- net and mesh types

- International agreements

- quotas

- Protected areas and closed seasons

300

list 3 substances that can be obtained DIRECTLY from the oceans

ANY APPLICABLE ANSWER

400

define upwelling

 an oceanographic phenomenon that involves wind-driven motion of dense, cooler, and usually nutrient-rich water from deep water towards the ocean surface. It replaces the warmer and usually nutrient-depleted surface water

500

define economic exclusion zone

an area of coastal water and seabed within a certain distance of a country's coastline, to which the country claims exclusive rights for fishing, drilling, and other economic activities.

Player

100

which type of mesh is recommended in order to reduce bycatch.

square

200

what is the continental shelf?

The area of seabed around a large land mass where the sea is relatively shallow compared with the open ocean. The continental shelf is geologically part of the continental crust. Continental shelves occur at destructive plate boundaries

300

list the two types of nets for fishing 

Seine nets, Dredge nets, Surrounding nets, trawl nets

400

difference between cruise ship and ocean liners

Cruise ship --> pleasure and enjoyment throughout the night (when travelling)

Ocean liner --> No pleasure and enjoyment throughout the night (when travelling)

500

In order to attract tuna, fisherman put something in the ocean, what is this "something". 

Wood

Mayor

100

when a land mammal watches a large ocean mammal swim through water, what is it called?

Whale watching

200

Define bycatch

Caught animals that fishermen do not want, cannot sell, or are not allowed to keep. This is collectively known as “bycatch.”

300

What is cod end?

it is a part in a sqaure-mesh net panel present to let smaller fish swim through

400

What are the difference between the El Niño Year and a Normal Year (the sea current and the wind currents)

1. Sea Surface Temperatures: In a normal year, the sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean tend to be cooler, while during an El Niño year, these temperatures are significantly warmer. El Niño events occur when the normal patterns of ocean circulation and atmospheric circulation weaken or change, leading to the warming of surface waters.

2. Equatorial Undercurrent: During a normal year, the equatorial undercurrent, a deep oceanic current flowing from east to west along the equator, is relatively strong. However, during an El Niño year, this undercurrent weakens due to changes in wind patterns and ocean circulation, which can affect the transport of heat and nutrients.

3. Trade Winds: In a normal year, the trade winds, which blow from east to west along the equator, are typically strong, pushing warm surface waters toward the western Pacific. However, during an El Niño year, these trade winds weaken, leading to a reduction in their strength or even a reversal in direction. Weaker trade winds allow warm waters to accumulate in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific.

4. Upwelling: In a normal year, the trade winds help to drive a process called upwelling, where colder, nutrient-rich waters from deeper levels rise to the surface along the western coast of South America. This upwelling supports the growth of marine life and contributes to productive fisheries. During an El Niño year, the weakening of trade winds disrupts the upwelling process, impacting marine ecosystems and fisheries.

500

Free 500 points if:

Only if one of your teammate does one of this: 

- 10 pushups, 20 squats, and 5 min plank in front of the class

-pay 1000 yen to William

- if the group that chose this is not up for the challenge, other groups may volunteer

Tailor

100

Free 100 points: Name a type of fish

If your team is winning and chooses this board, your team loses 800 points

If your team is losing and chooses this board, your team gains 400 points

200

what are phytoplanktons

Microscopic organisms that live in watery environments, both salty and fresh. Some phytoplankton are bacteria, some are protists, and most are single-celled plants.

They contribute to about 50% of the worlds photosynthesis activity 

300

how many metres is the deepest part of the ocean, closest answer wins

11000 m

400

The price of buckwheat was originally  _ _ _ _ _ dollars but due to the pollution and changes in the ocean current it has skyrocketed to  _ _ _ _ _ dollars!

0.40 cents to 11 dollars

500

Explain why the price of buckwheat is linked to the type of year (ex. El nino year)

1. Crop Yield: Weather conditions play a crucial role in determining the yield of buckwheat crops. In an El Niño year, weather patterns across different regions can deviate from normal conditions. El Niño events are associated with warmer ocean temperatures in the equatorial Pacific, leading to altered atmospheric circulation patterns and weather anomalies worldwide. These anomalies can result in irregular rainfall patterns, droughts, or excessive precipitation, depending on the region. Buckwheat crops may suffer from adverse weather conditions during an El Niño year, leading to lower yields. Reduced supply due to poor weather conditions can drive up the price of buckwheat.

2. Production Costs: Extreme weather events associated with El Niño, such as droughts or floods, can affect the cost of producing buckwheat. If a region experiences a severe drought, farmers may face challenges in irrigation, and increased water scarcity can lead to higher costs for water resources or additional investments in irrigation systems. On the other hand, excessive rainfall may cause flooding, which can damage crops and necessitate increased pest control measures. These factors can increase production costs for buckwheat farmers, which may ultimately be passed on to consumers through higher prices.

3. Market Demand: The price of buckwheat can also be influenced by changes in market demand. While El Niño events primarily affect the supply side of agricultural commodities, they can indirectly impact demand. For example, changes in weather patterns can affect other crops as well, such as wheat or rice, which might be substitutes for buckwheat in certain regions or food products. If these alternative crops experience lower yields due to El Niño, consumers may shift their demand towards buckwheat, driving up its price due to increased competition.

4. Global Trade: The price of buckwheat can also be influenced by international trade dynamics. Some countries are major exporters or importers of buckwheat, and weather-related disruptions in key producing regions can affect global supply chains. If a major buckwheat-exporting country experiences lower yields due to El Niño, it may reduce its exports, leading to decreased supply in importing countries. This imbalance in supply and demand can drive up the price of buckwheat in global markets.