Darwin
What is Natural Selection?
Process where organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce.
How is radioactive dating used to determine the age of a fossil?
Fossil Age determined by comparing ratio of C12 to C14
According to the rules of Binomial Nomenclature, which of the terms is capitalized?
Genus
What is a species?
Group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
What is background extinction?
Less severe; Local Level
Despite their loss the rest of the ecosystem was relatively unaffected.
Forest fire, habitat destruction, competition, Predation.
What did Charles Darwin Observe?
Observed that organisms have variations based on their environment. Finches. Galapagos Islands
How are fossils evidence of evolution?
Newer fossils tend to be more complex
Compare the relationships between the modern organisms to the fossilized remains horses we found long ago
Based on their names, you know that the baboons Papio annubis and Papio cynocephalus do NOT belong to the same ______________.
Species
What are the 3 types of Reproductive Isolation? Name an example of one of them.
Geographic, Behavioral, Temporal
What is mass extinction?
Very severe; global level
5 previous mass extinction events
What did Jean Baptist De Lamarck do?
Developed the Theory Acquired Inheritance
What is an example of a homologous structure?
Similar body structures with different structures
Each possess the same bones ( slightly altered to aid them in their environment)
The second part of a scientific name is unique to each
Species
What is gene flow? Describe
Movement of genes from one population to another
What is convergent evolution? Name an example.
Different species evolve similar traits due to a similar environment. Dolphin, Tuna Fish, Penguin
What are the 4 factors that influence Natural Selection?
Overpopulation, Variation, Adaption, Survival of the Fittest
What is an example of a vestigial structure?
Organs or body parts which have lost their original function
Wisdom Teeth
Several different classes make up a __________.
Phylum
What are the two types of Genetic Drift? Name an example of one of them. (Describe)
Bottleneck Effect and Founder Effect
What is divergent evolution? Name an example.
Closely related species become increasingly different. Finches.
How did Giraffe Necks get so long?
Those with a slightly longer neck had a better chance to survive and the shorter necks died.
The survivors reproduced, they passed this advantage to their offspring. Overtime the longer neck became a common trait.
Are chimps and humans related?
Have similar amino acids in common. Not directly related.
Which are the two highest level taxa in the Linnaean system?
Kingdom and Phylum
What are the 5 factors that lead to speciation?
Natural Selection, Gene Flow, DNA Mutations, Reproductive Isolation, Genetic Drift
What is co-evolution? Name an example.
2 or more species evolve in response to changes in each other
Often becomes so specific that neither organism can survive without the other.
Bird & Flower