Darwin
The name of Darwin's theory
What is the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
The approximate age of Earth
What is 4.5 billion years old?
The name of the islands in which Darwin studied extensively
What is the Galapagos?
Charles was born on the same day as this U.S. president
Who is Abraham Lincoln?
The strongest piece of evidence for evolution
What is DNA/genetics?
Method of dating rocks and fossils that tell a person how old it is
What is radioactive dating?
What is beak size/shape?
What is an adaptation?
Name of one of the organisms that Darwin studied
How we know that ancient and extinct organisms survived on Earth at some point
What are fossils?
The name of the ship that Darwin sailed on
What is the HMS Beagle?
A characteristic that improves an organism's fitness/survival
What is an adaptation?
Refers to an organism's ability to survive and produce many offspring
What is fitness?
Refers to a structure that has a similar structure from organism to organism but serves different functions for each
What is a homologous structure?
These types of diagrams show that all species are united by descent from ancient common ancestors
What is an evolutionary or phylogenetic tree?
Human-driven selection
What is artificial selection?
The name of the geologist that believed in uniformitarianism and that all processes that have shaped Earth in the past are the same ones shaping it today
Who is Charles Lyell?
The name given to differential reproductive success- individuals less suited for environment will likely not survive or reproduce
What is survival of the fittest?
The wing of a bat and the wing of a butterfly is an example of this
What is an analogous structure?
If homologous structures show that two organisms share a common ancestor, then analogous structures show this
What is a not recent common ancestor?
The name of the theory of evolution proposed by Lamarck
What is inheritance of aquired characteristics?
Name given to the idea that living species are descended, with changes over time, from common ancestors
What is descent with modification?
Refers to a structure that is no longer needed or useful in an organism, such as wisdom teeth in humans
What is vestigial structures?
Whales still have pelvic bones even though they are not needed to swim. This tells us what about their ancestors?
Ancestors once lived on land and needed pelvic bones
Darwin's finches are all very similiar species, but all live on separate islands and are adapted to those specific environments. This is an example of this piece of evidence of evolution.
Biogeography