traits
tree of life
natural selection
homologous vs analogous
miscellaneous
100
Which is not a source of genetic variation.
Genetic shuffling during meiosis
Cloning
Fertilization in sexual reproduction
Mutations
cloning (makes an identical organism, no variation)
100
Which species would least likely have a protein similar to species H?
A
B
E
D
B
100
A group of organisms became reproductively isolated from its original population due to geographic separation. This group would most likely be
genetically identical to its original population
unable to successfully interbreed with its original population
able to reproduce with its original population, only
unable to live in the same habitat with its original population
unable to successfully interbreed with its original population
(REPRODUCTIVE isolation)
100
Which pair of structures are homologous?
wing of an insect and wing of a bird
tentacle of a hydra and flipper of a whale
front leg of an insect and bones in the leg of a human
bones in the front leg of a dog and bones in the wing of a bat
bones in the front leg of a dog and bones in the wing of a bat
100
Certain antibacterial soaps kill 99% of the bacteria present on hands. Constant use of these soaps could be harmful over time because
microbes prevent viral diseases
large populations of pathogens are beneficial to the hands
more pathogens may be resistant to the soap
the soap stimulates skin cell division
more pathogens may be resistant to the soap
200
A tree of life is constructed by grouping organisms together based on their____________ characteristics.
similar
different
shared
opposite
shared
200
Which species would most likely have a protein similar to species H?
A, B, E, or D
E
200
The process of sexual reproduction is an important part of the process of evolution. One reason for this is that meiosis and fertilization directly produce many new
antigens
species
pathogens
variations
variations
200
what does homologous mean?
same structure, different function
200
The instructions for the traits of an organism are coded in the arrangement of
bases in DNA in the nucleus
fat molecules in the cell membrane
energy-rich bonds in starch molecules
glucose units in carbohydrate molecules
bases in DNA in the nucleus
300
A population of white moths lives in a forest near a factory. This factory burns coal and pollutes the air with black dust. Over time, this dust has settled on the trees in the area, making them darker in color. This could result in
a decrease in the white moth population
an increase in the white moth population
a decrease in the air pollution affecting the area
an increase in the number of trees in the area
a decrease in the white moth population
(dark-colored/black moths are better adapted to the changed environment)
300
Which species are the least successful in their environments?
species c AND d
(BOTH.)
300
The different beak structures observed in the diagram are evidence of
finches changing their beak characteristics so that they could feed efficiently
finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galapagos Islands from the mainland
different species of finches adapting to different environments over many generations
finches mating with birds of other species and acquiring some of their traits
different species of finches adapting to different environments over many generations
300
what does analogous mean?
same function, different common ancestor
300
what is another way to say allopatric speciation? what is allopatric speciation?
geographical speciation, when a species separates into two groups that are isolated from each other by a physical barrier
400
The series of fossil snail shells below represents 10 samples that were collected from deposits laid down from 10 million years ago to 3 million years ago. The shells are arranged in order by age. The shells shown represent how they looked at various times over a 7-million-year period.
changed in size due to environmental changes that affected the survival of different sized snails
grew smaller, then larger over time as the environment changed from a wetter to a drier climate
changed in size at different times, because they needed better protection from predators
grew larger because, as organisms evolve, they always become larger and more complex
changed in size due to environmental changes that affected the survival of different sized snails
400
Which species lived the longest?
species B
400
A species in a changing environment would have the best chance of survival as a result of a mutation that has a
high adaptive value and occurs in its gametes
low adaptive value and occurs in its gametes
high adaptive value and occurs in its skin cells
low adaptive value and occurs in its skin cells
high adaptive value and occurs in its gametes
(CANNOT occur in skin cells b/c a trait has to be in the genes in order to be passed down)
400
what is a vestigial structure?
a structure that appears to be left over from a common ancestor, and has no necessary function
(appendix, wisdom teeth)
400
what is sympatric speciation?
when a species forms groups that are reproductively isolated for reasons OTHER than geography
500
Which 2 organisms are most similar?
Dog and Plant
Jackal and Wolf
Rabbit and Cat
Fox and Wolf
Fish and Fox
jackal and wolf
500
Why are we using proteins to compare how related organisms are?
DNA codes for proteins.
(NOT proteins code for DNA, DNA is made up of proteins, or proteins are made up of DNA.)
500
Based on the data presented in the graph, which ecosystems are most likely to remain stable over time?
fresh water and seawater because more species in an ecosystem increases the variety of genetic material available
fresh water and seawater because an increased number of species causes salt concentration in the water to increase
brackish water and seawater because high salt concentration increases the number of species in water ecosystems
brackish water and salt lakes because salty water damages DNA, which results in fewer species surviving
fresh water and seawater because more species in an ecosystem increases the variety of genetic material available
500
are the wings of a bat and the fins of penguins homologous, analogous, or vestigial?
analogous
500
A lizard is born having a trait that is different from either of its parents. A possible explanation for the difference is that the lizard offspring
had a mutation that occurred after it was born
was produced as a result of the process of asexual reproduction
inherited a gene from one of its grandparents and not its parents
was produced as a result of the recombination of genes during sexual reproduction
was produced as a result of the recombination of genes during sexual reproduction