EVOLUTION

Evolution

100

Name one piece of evidence that supports the theory of evolution.

• Answer: Fossil records, genetic similarities, or comparative anatomy.

200

What is natural selection?

• Answer: The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.

300

Discuss how environmental changes can affect natural selection.

• Answer: Changes can alter which traits are favorable, leading to shifts in species over time.

400

How do behavioral adaptations help organisms survive?

• Answer: They can improve feeding, mating, or escaping predators.

500

Discuss how environmental changes can affect natural selection.

• Answer: Changes can alter which traits are favorable, leading to shifts in species over time.

Divergent Evolution

100

What is divergent evolution?

The process where related species evolve different traits.

200

 Give an example of two species that have evolved from a common ancestor.

Finches or Dogs

300

How does divergent evolution contribute to the formation of new species?

It leads to adaptations in different environments.

400

How are the limbs of a human, a bat, and a whale an example of divergent evolution?

Answer: Humans, bats, and whales all have the same basic bone structure in their limbs because they share a common ancestor. But humans use arms to hold and grab, bats use wings to fly, and whales use flippers to swim—showing how the same structure changed for different uses.

500

What is adaptive radiation?

Answer: The rapid evolution of multiple species from a common ancestor.

Artificial Selection

100

What is artificial selection?

• Answer: The process by which humans breed organisms for desired traits.

200

200: Name an example of a plant that has been artificially selected.

• Answer: Corn or domesticated roses.

300

300: How does artificial selection differ from natural selection?

• Answer: Artificial selection is human-directed, while natural selection is based on environmental pressures.

400

400: What role do humans play in artificial selection?

• Answer: Humans choose which traits to promote in breeding.

500

500: What is one benefits and one negative of artificial selection.

• Answer: Benefits include increased productivity; drawbacks include reduced genetic diversity.

Convergent Evolution

100

100: What is convergent evolution?

• Answer: When unrelated species evolve similar traits due to similar environments.

200

200: Provide an example of convergent evolution in animals.

• Answer: The wings of bats and birds.

300

300: How do organisms in convergent evolution develop similar traits?

• Answer: They adapt to similar environmental pressures.

400

400: What is the significance of analogous structures in convergent evolution?

• Answer: They show how different species can evolve similar adaptations.

500

500: Explain how convergent evolution can mislead scientists about evolutionary relationships.

• Answer: It can create the appearance of a close relationship when there is none.

Co-Evolution

100

100: What is co-evolution?

• Answer: The process where two or more species influence each other's evolution.

200

200: Provide an example of two species that have co-evolved.

• Answer: Flowers and their pollinators (e.g., bees).

300

300: How does co-evolution affect the relationship between species?

• Answer: It creates mutual dependencies and adaptations.

400

400: What is an example of a predator-prey relationship that demonstrates co-evolution?

• Answer: Cheetahs and gazelles.

500

500: Discuss the impact of co-evolution on biodiversity.

• Answer: It can increase diversity by creating specialized species.