Genetic Variation
Differences in DNA among individuals
What is genetic variation?
Organisms better suited to their environment survive
What is natural selection?
Random changes in allele frequency
What is genetic drift?
Mutations introduce new alleles
What is mutation?
Formation of new species
What is speciation?
Species evolve together
What is coevolution?
: Random change in DNA sequence
What is a mutation?
Trait that increases survival
What is an adaptation?
When a small group starts a new population
What is the founder effect?
Individuals move between populations
What is gene flow?
Physical barrier separates populations
What is geographic isolation?
Unrelated species become similar
What is convergent evolution?
Mixing of genes during reproduction
What is genetic recombination?
Type of selection favoring one extreme
What is directional selection?
Sudden reduction in population size
What is a bottleneck effect?
Random sampling affects allele frequency
What is genetic drift?
Different mating times prevent breeding
What is temporal isolation?
Related species become more different
What is divergent evolution?
When organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce
What is adaptation?
Type of selection favoring the average
What is stabilizing selection?
Movement of individuals into/out of a population
What is migration (gene flow)?
Individuals with certain traits reproduce more
What is natural selection?
Differences in courtship behaviors
What is behavioral isolation?
Rapid bursts of evolution
What is punctuated equilibrium?
Movement of genes between populations
What is gene flow?
Type of selection favoring both extremes
What is disruptive selection?
Non-random mating based on traits
What is sexual selection?
Preference for certain traits in mates
What is sexual selection?
Species evolve in the same area
What is sympatric speciation?
Slow, gradual change over time
What is gradualism?