Show:
Evolutionary Relationships
Adaptations, Variations, and Isolation
Natural Selection
Earth’s History
Rocks and Fossils
100
The process of how organisms acquire adaptations over time is called this.
What is evolution?
100
This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive.
What is an adaptation?
100
In order for natural selection to occur populations must do this.
What is over-reproduce?
100
The geologic time scale is divided into these two categories.
What are eras and periods?
100
Relative dating is a method of sequencing events in this order.
What is the order they happen?
200
Thomas Malthus’ argument that helped support Darwin’s ideas about evolution was that _____.
What is humans have a tendency to grow faster than their food supply?
200
As a populations’ habitat changes over time, a species with a high level of variation would have this.
What is a better chance of survival?
200
Darwin concluded that the mechanism for evolution is this.
What is natural selection?
200
There have been this number of mass extinctions in Earth’s history.
What is five?
200
This is the amount of time it takes for half of the unstable atoms in a sample to decay.
What is a half-life?
300
Each branch of a cladogram represents this.
What are different evolutionary paths?
300

How mutations occur in an organism

What is occur randomly in genes and produce variation 

300
The climate of a certain area is cold, and snow is found on the ground most of the year. Equal numbers of two populations of rabbits are introduced into this climate by a group of scientists. One of the populations is brown and the other is white. Over several generations, this will happen.
What is there will be more white rabbits than brown rabbits?
300
Alfred Wegener theorized that the continents were once a great landmass that he named this.
What is Pangaea?
300

This principle states that the layers of sedimentary rocks that are the “lowest” are the earliest to be deposited.

What is relative dating?

400
Species that share more similarities in their DNA are _____ than those that share fewer similarities.
What is more closely related?
400
Populations with many variations have a better chance of survival than a population with little or no variations when this happens.
What is there is a change in the environment?
400

List and explain the 4 steps that sufficiently summarize the process of natural selection.

What is

Populations over-reproduce:

Individuals in a population vary: 

Favorable adaptations are selected:

Species compete

400
The theory of plate tectonics describes this.
What is how the continents move?
400
Explain how relative dating of fossils differs from absolute dating of fossils.
What is
When scientist use relative dating to age fossils they just compare the age of the fossil “relative” to other fossils or the Earth’s layers. They state whether it is younger or older than other fossils or layers?

When scientists use absolute dating to age fossils they determine the estimated time frame or year of the fossil by the radioactive decay of elements.
500
Over 90% of the DNA base sequences for hemoglobin in chimpanzees and humans are identical, suggesting this.
What is that the two species share a common ancestor?
500

The separation of the continents through plate tectonics result in new species because _____.

What is Geographic Isolation

500
Explain how Darwin’s observations of finches in the Galapagos Islands led to his ideas about natural selection.
What is
He observed that finches on the islands were slightly different from those found on the mainland. He also noted slight differences in finches from island to island.

The difference that he found most notable was the differences in beak shape. It appeared to be different based on the type of food eaten, and therefore Darwin concluded that the finches were adapted for the type of food they ate.

From his observations, Darwin hypothesized that an ancestral species of finch from the mainland ended up on the Galapagos, and the finches were scattered to different environments. Then, they had to adapt to different conditions, and over many generations evolved into new species.
500

Give 3 pieces of evidence to support Wegener’s theory that today’s continents were once part of an earlier supercontinent.

What is

Fossils or plants and animals found on different continents were similar.

There were matching geologic features on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.

The continents seem to fit together like a puzzle.

500

Fossils found in the lowest layers of undisturbed rock are not found in upper layers of the same undisturbed rock. 

What is

The earlier species became extinct.