Show:
Selective Breeding
Adaptations, Variations, and Isolation
Natural Selection
Earth’s History
More Adaptations
100
Give three examples of selective breeding:
What is: Farmers increase milk production by CHOOSING cows that produce a lot of milk The perfect pet for companion, hunting, farming Racing horses for speed Corn plants to produce a lot of husks
100
A few individuals of corn surviving a drought is an example of an _______________.
What is an adaptation?
100
In order for natural selection to occur populations must do this.
What is over-reproduce?
100
Cactus plants have waxy leaves and sharp spines to _________ and large shallow root systems to _________.
What is preserve moisture / take in the most water from rare rains?
100
This is an inherited trait that helps an organism survive.
What an adaptation?
200
Selective breeding is beneficial to humans by .....
What is allowing us to change plants and animals for our best use?
200
As a populations’ habitat changes over time, a species with a high level of variation would have this.
What is a better chance of survival?
200
Darwin concluded that the mechanism for evolution is this.
What is natural selection?
200
There have been this number of mass extinctions in Earth’s history.
What is five?
200
What specialized structure allows fish to dissolve oxygen out of the water?
What are gills?
300
The mating of two poodles that both won dog show awards is an example of _________________ ________________.
What is selective breeding?
300
Explain how mutations occur in an organism and how they affect a population.
What is mutations occur randomly in genes and produce variation of traits in a population?
300
The climate of a certain area is cold, and snow is found on the ground most of the year. Equal numbers of two populations of rabbits are introduced into this climate by a group of scientists. One of the populations is brown and the other is white. Over several generations, this will happen.
What is there will be more white rabbits than brown rabbits?
300
Alfred Wegener theorized that the continents were once a great landmass that he named this.
What is Pangaea?
300
Describe three examples of Internal Adaptation.
Birds - Hollow bones Plants - Xylem (allows for transport of water/nutrients up against gravity) Humans- using lungs to breath Fish - using gills to breathe underwater Penguins - solid bones to help during swimming/diving underwater to catch fish Storage of food in fat layers ( camels or seeds)
400
Breeding pairs are chosen by humans for our needs is called ________________ ___________________.
What is Selective Breeding?
400
Populations with many variations have a better chance of survival than a population with little or no variations when this happens.
What is there is a change in the environment?
400
List and explain the 4 steps that sufficiently summarize the process of natural selection.
What is
Populations over-reproduce: All organisms produce more offspring than can survive to adulthood and reproduce. Survivors that are able to reproduce pass their traits on to their offspring.

Individuals in a population vary: There is random variation in traits among individuals in a population of a species. Even though the variations are by chance, they are then passed on.

Favorable adaptations are selected:When an environment changes, selection of favorable traits occurs. Adaptations that fit well with the environment are passed to the offspring.

Favorable adaptations accumulate: Over many generations favorable adaptations accumulate. This may eventually lead to a new species.
400
The theory of plate tectonics describes this.
What is how the continents move?
400
Give three examples of behavioral adaptation?
Bats flying at night to more easily hunt Bear hibernating to survive harsh winters Birds migrating to warmer climates
500
What is the "name of the game" in natural selection?
What is survival of the fittest?
500
The separation of the continents through plate tectonics result in new species because _____.
What is once a population becomes separated they can no longer breed, so the separated populations evolve differently and eventually become different species?
500
Explain how Darwin’s observations of finches in the Galapagos Islands led to his ideas about natural selection.
What is
He observed that finches on the islands were slightly different from those found on the mainland. He also noted slight differences in finches from island to island.

The difference that he found most notable was the differences in beak shape. It appeared to be different based on the type of food eaten, and therefore Darwin concluded that the finches were adapted for the type of food they ate.

From his observations, Darwin hypothesized that an ancestral species of finch from the mainland ended up on the Galapagos, and the finches were scattered to different environments. Then, they had to adapt to different conditions, and over many generations evolved into new species.
500
Give 3 pieces of evidence to support Wegener’s theory that today’s continents were once part of an earlier supercontinent.
What is
Fossils or plants and animals found on different continents were similar.
There were matching geologic features on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.
The continents seem to fit together like a puzzle.
500
Birds have rapidly beating hearts so they can ......
What is deliver more oxygen-rich blood to their flight muscles.