Adaptations
Natural Selection
OGSS
Evidence for Evolution
Cladograms
100
Adaptations are special characteristics that enable organisms to become _________________ in a particular environment
Special characteristics that enable organisms to become more fit/successful in a particular environment
100
Natural selection means that organisms that are ______ adapted to an environment are _______ likely to survive and reproduce.
Organisms that are more/better adapted to an environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
100
What does the G in OGSS stand for?
Genetic Variation
100
What is one evidence for evolution that we studied in our stations lab?
DNA, Amino Acids/Protein, Anatomy, Embryology
100
_____________ is the formation of a new speices.
Speciation
200
We learned about the anole lizard in class.
What two adaptations did the anole lizard have?
Large foot pads
Long legs
200
What are the three types of selection?
Directional, disruptive, stabilizing
200
What does OGSS stand for?
Overproduction, genetic variation, struggle to survive, successful reproduction
200
Which evicence for evolution does this image show? 
Embryology
200
Which type of reproductive isolation is when organims reproduce at different TIMES?
Temporal Isolation
300
What makes a characteristic an adaptation?
Hint: are adaptations always good?
Depends on the environment of that organism.
One adaptation might not be helpful in a different environment
300
Which specific type of selection can lead to speciation?
Hint: speciation is when two separate species emerge from a common ancestor
Disruptive selection since selection favors extreme trait differences
300
Which part of OGSS does this picture represent? (2 bears fighting over food)
Struggle to survive (competition)
300
If organisms share a high percentage of DNA, what does this suggest?
They have a common ancestor.
300
Which type of isolation is shown in this picture? (birds singing different mating songs)
Behavioral Isolation
400
There are three possible colors in a population of spiders: brown, black, and dark purple.
Suppose this spider’s natural habitat is the desert. Which spider would you expect to be best and least adapted to its environment?
Brown spider is best adapted because it can camouflage.
Dark purple is least adapted
400
A population of freshwater fish have been struggling due to overfishing. You realize that the bigger fish are preferred by fisherman and the smaller fish are released.
If this trend continues, what type of selection would this be?
Directional selection
Bonus: population shift towards the left
400
Can natural selection happen if species do not have to compete for resources? (i.e. struggle to survive)
No
400
Which evidence for evolution does this image show?
Comparative anatomy
400
What is a cladogram?
A branching diagram showing evolutionary/cladistic relationships between organisms.
Accept also: shows common ancestors, shows common traits
500
Two populations of birds from different species are competing for the same food source. One of the bird species has an adaptation that makes it easier for them to find and eat food. What do you expect might happen over time to the bird species without the adaptation?
Hint: there are multiple correct answers, be creative!
Many answers, but possibilities include: species goes extinct, species has to migrate to new area, selection towards new food source
500
A population of finches is undergoing stabilizing selection for bird beak size. Explain how a graph of this population in 2 years would look and what characteristic(s) are favored (small, medium, large)
Selection against both extremes keep curve narrow and in same place.
500
A sea turtle laying hundreds of eggs in hopes that a few make it to adulthood is an example of which factor affecting natural selection?
Overproduction
500
The human appendix and tail bones are examples of what evidence for evolution?
*hint: we did not study this in our stations lab, you learned this last year*
Vestigial Structures
500
Which 2 groups of organisms are LEAST closely related in this cladogram?
Fish and Primates