Natural Selection
A beneficial trait suited to one's environment
Adaptation
What were Charles Darwin's two Theory?
Natural Selection & Evolution
What is a homologous feature, and an example?
A feature shared between species with an evolutionary history (hand in humans, whales, dogs, and other mammals)
What's a rock strata
A layer of earth/soil
What causes mutations?
Nothing they're random, but you can increase the chance of a mutation through carcinogens.
Who's Alfred Wallace, and what did he discover?
The Wallace Line/ Evidence that supported natural selection & evolution
What is an analogous feature, and an example?
A shared trait that has no evolutionary history
(wings in birds and insects or white fur for Arctic creatures)
When do we use carbon dating?
If the objects are young (less than 60k yrs) and organic-based
When could a dominant allele become less prevalent in a population (think rabbits)
If the environment pressures the recessive allele
Who's Jean Baptiste Lamarck, and what did he believe/what was his theory?
Inheritance of acquired characteristics/Animals change by using features (longer necks by stretching)
What is a vetigial Structure, and give an example?
A no longer necessary remnant of evolution
(tailbones in humans & hip bones in whales,)
When do we use uranium dating?
When an object is inorganic (stone) and hundreds of thousands to billions of years old.
Ancient vegetables were selectively bred to create their modern counterparts. What is this process called?
Artificial Selection
Did we evolve from chimpanzees? Yes/no explain.
Kindd of we evolved from a common ancestor.
How can we tell the age of something in a strata if it has no carbon or uranium, like some fossils?
Dating the surrounding rock/index fossils
What are the four parts of natural selection/what triggers natural selection?
Overproduction: make many babies
Inherited variation: traits get passed down from parents to offspring, but are not identical
Struggle to survive: survive from predators, disease, and competition for food, housing, mate, etc.
Successful reproduction: individuals who survive will reproduce.
What evidence did we discover later that helped prove Darwins Theories?
DNA & Fossil Evidence
What are the four kinds of evidence we discussed that support the theory of evolution?
Biogeography, Fossil Record, Anatomical (body/bones), and molecular (DNA)
Let me draw a graph:
How old is this wooden mug if it reads 67.6% Carbon
3200ish years -/+ 300