Category 1
This type of mutation has no effect on the protein sequence as the amino acid does not change as the result of a substitution at the third base of a codon.
Silent mutation
A change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation over time is called_____________.
Evolution
Author of "On the origin of Species"
Charles Darwin
The diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches such as the variations on beaks of the finches of the Galapagos islands.
Adaptive radiation
This type of mutation results in an amino acid substitution.
Missense mutation
The type of rock that fossils are always found in.
Sedimentary rock
A process in which individuals with favorable inherited traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Natural selection
Evidence that supports the theory of evolution in which related species can have characteristics with underlying similarities but different functions.
Homology
The many different species living on the planet is an example of this tenet of biology.
Diversity of life
Evidence that supports the theory of evolution in which remnants of species of the past document gradual changes over time.
Fossils or the fossil record
Evidence that supports the theory of evolution in which shared genes inherited from a common ancestor are retained with slight changes over time.
Molecular homology
Structures that share similar functions, but not common ancestry, as the wings of a butterfly and the wings of a bat.
Analogous structures
The mechanism for how species change over time is called_____________.
Descent with modification
A strain of bacteria that is now resistant to many antibiotics.
MRSA methicillin-resistant staph aureus
This scientist proposed the evolutionary mechanism of use and disuse for acquired characteristics.
Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck
A region of DNA in which transcription factors bind and recruit RNA polymerase. Contains TATAAA or TATA box sequence.
Promoter region
The scientist that proposed that gradual processes of geologic change continue to operate today at the same rate as in the past.
Charles Lyell
The enzyme that adds amino acids to tRNA molecules.
Peptidyl transferase enzyme
The molecular machinery composed of proteins and RNA molecules that removes the introns from the primary RNA transcript.
Spliceosomes
The evolution of similar or analogous features in distantly related groups.
Convergent evolution
What was one of the observations Darwin made that led him to the conclusion of descent with modification?
Either one is correct:
1.Members of a population vary in their inherited traits
2. Species produce more offspring than the environment can support.
A helper molecule that prevents proteins from aggregating during the complicated folding process.
Chaperones
Evidence that supports the theory of evolution related to the geographic distribution of the fossils of species at the margins of the drifting continents.
Biogeography
List the three types of mRNA processing that must occur before eukaryotic M RNA can leave the nucleus.
Addition of the 5' cap, 3' polyA tail, and intron removal and splicing
List one of the inferences Darwin made regarding his observations that members of a varied population produce more offspring than the environment can support.
Any one of the two is correct:
1. individuals whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing tend to leave more offspring than other individuals.
2. Unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproduce leads to the accumulation of favorable traits in the population over generations.