Key Terms
Define Evolution
Evolution is the change in traits of living things over many generations. These traits come from genes, which are passed from parents to their children during reproduction.
What is a food chain?
A diagram that shows how energy moves from one living thing to another
What is biodiversity?
The variety of living things in a given place
When did Darwin make the theory of evolution?
1859
What was used in Borneo to kill mosquitoes?
DDT
Define Natural Selection
Natural selection is the process in nature by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and reproduce more than those less adapted to their environment.
True or False: Eliminating one species will only affect the organisms that feed on them.
False
What happens to an ecosystem when it has more biodiversity?
it becomes stronger and has more chance of survival during a disaster/disease
Where did Darwin notice the finches that looked similar to each other?
The Galapagos Islands
What is an organism?
Define Survival Needs
Living things must have food, water, air, and shelter to survive. If any one of these basic needs is not met, then organisms cannot survive.
Why did the lizard population drop after DDT was used?
A) DDT poisoned the lizards directly
B) DDT killed the cockroaches, which were the main food source for lizards
C) The lizards were hunted by humans
D) The lizards moved to another region
B) DDT killed the cockroaches, which were the main food source for lizards
What is genetic variation within a species?
Different traits like color or size among organisms of the same species
Why did the finches on each island have different traits?
Because of the different types of food available on each island
What is the difference between a species and a community?
Species: a group of the same organism.
Community: a group of different species that live in the same area.
Define Genetic Variation
Genetic variation is the difference in DNA sequences and traits between individuals within a population.
What does a food chain show us? Be specific.
Hint: Not what is included in a food chain. Think about the process.
How energy moves from one living thing to another
How does biodiversity help an ecosystem survive climate changes?
A) It prevents any changes in temperature
B) Some species or organisms may survive when others cannot
C) It helps all animals adapt to cold weather
D) It stops animals from becoming sick
B) Some species or organisms may survive when others cannot
How did the beak shape of the finch on the island with small insects help it survive? What did the beak look like?
It had a long beak which was useful to dig into the ground to catch insects
How long ago was the ice age?
20,000 years ago
Define Survival of the Fittest
Organisms with genes better suited to the environment are selected for survival and pass them to the next generation
What lesson was learned from the effects of using DDT in Borneo?
A) Mosquitoes are the main cause of problems in ecosystems
B) Introducing new animals is always the best solution
C) Changing one part of an ecosystem can cause unexpected problems in other parts
C) Changing one part of an ecosystem can cause unexpected problems in other parts
Why might an entire species be at risk if there is no biodiversity within that species?
A) The species would run out of food sources
B) All individuals would be equally affected by environmental changes or diseases
C) Predators would avoid the species entirely
D) The species would only live in one type of habitat
B) All individuals would be equally affected by environmental changes or diseases
How does natural selection lead to all the rabbits in snowy places eventually having white fur?
White rabbits survive better in snowy areas and pass on their fur color to their children, while darker rabbits don't survive as well
Why did some animals go extinct after the ice age?
They couldn't survive the warmer climate