Word Parts
This pair of prefixes means "large" and "small" - such as a large lens in photography or a _____ scope that allows you to see things too small to be seen with the naked eye.
What are macro and micro?
The study of life
What is biology?
A group of individuals of the same species living in a given area
What is a population?
Artificial selection (selective breeding)
What is [answers will vary]? Answers could include dog breeds and various crops that have traits that were specifically selected for by humans.
Explain how to determine which species are most closely related on an evolutionary tree.
What is those species that share a more recent common ancestor?
If you take the prefix meaning "life" and the suffix meaning "the study of," you'll get this word meaning "the study of life."
What is biology?
What is anatomy?
Any difference between individuals of the same species
What is variation?
Trace fossil
What is [answers will vary]? Answers could include preserved footprints, nests, burrows, or droppings.
Explain why the embryos of reptiles, birds, and mammals indicate common ancestry.
What is "their embryos are very similar"?
Let's think suffixes. You often find this ending at the end of sugars, and this ending at the end of enzymes. Think of the milk sugar that is digested by lact___. (Can't say the word, or I'd give away the answer!)
What are -ose and -ase?
The study of the distribution of living things
What is biogeography?
An inherited behavior or physical change that helps an organism survive or reproduce
What is an adaptation?
Coevolution
What is [answers will vary]? Answers could include plants and their pollinators, the ant and the acacia, or the newt and the garter snake.
Explain why and identify the two cellular organelles that appear to have originated from prokaryotic (bacterial) cells.
What are mitochondria and chloroplasts? (They have their own DNA, they function independently of the cell, they resemble bacteria....)
In the last unit, we used this word to describe chromosomes that make up a pair, one from the mother and one from the father. In this unit, we used this same word to describe structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor.
What is homologous?
Descent with inherited modification
What is evolution?
The process by which individuals better adapted to the environment are more likely to survive and repoduce
What is natural selection?
Vestigial structure
What is [answers will vary]? Answers could include wings in flightless birds, the pelvic bone of a snake or whale, the eyes in blind cave fish or blind cave salamanders, wisdom teeth in humans, etc.
Explain how the coloration of the peppered moth changed after the Industrial Revolution and after air quality improved.
After the Industrial Revolution, darker moths could more easily blend into their surroundings and were therefore more likely to survive and pass on their traits to offspring. When the air quality improved, lighter moths could more easily blend into their surroundings and were therefore more likely to survive and pass on their traits to offspring.
Take the prefix from this unit that means "inside" and combine it with a word root from a previous unit that means "heat," and you get this word, a synonym for the word warm-blooded.
What is an endotherm?
The study of how your behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way your genes work
What is epigenetics?
The definition of "fittest" in an evolutionary sense.
What is the most reproductively successful?
Somatic cell mutation
What is [answers will vary]? Answers could include any change in DNA to a body cell (skin cell, blood cell, etc.) that is NOT passed down from parent to child.
Explain how bacteria can become resistant to an antibiotic.
In any population, there is variation. Those individuals best adapted to their environment and more likely to survive and reproduce. In this situation, bacteria that are not killed by the antibiotic will reproduce and pass on that resistant trait. Over time, more and more bacteria will have the resistant trait.