Speciation
Natural Selection
Mechanisms of Evolution
Evidence
Misc.
100
If two organisms are considered different species, they CANNOT successfully do this.
What is reproduce?
100
Differences in heritable traits among members of a population.
What is variation?
100
The selection of traits that improve an organism's ability to reproduce by helping attract a mate.
What is sexual selection?
100
This organism is most closely related to the tuna based on the genetic data shown.
What is the gray whale?
100
Random changes in gene sequences.
What are mutations?
200
The type of reproductive isolation shown here.
What is geographic isolation?
200
An inherited trait that helps an organism survive in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
200
Humans use antibiotics to try and kill harmful bacteria. Bacteria that are resistant to the antibiotics survive, reproduce and pass on their useful genes.
What is natural selection?
200
In humans, tailbones and wisdom teeth are these types of structures, which were useful for ancestors but now have no function.
What are vestigial structures?
200
The characteristic shared by all species shown.
What is a vertebrae?
300
The type of reproductive isolation shown here.
What is behavioral isolation?
300
This is the measure of reproductive success of an individual (how many offspring they have).
What is fitness?
300
The movement of alleles from one population to another through migration.
What is gene flow?
300
Features with similar underlying structures, which provide evidence of shared ancestry.
What are homologous structures?
300
Evolution toward similar characteristics in distantly related species.
What is convergent evolution?
400
The missing ingredient in this formula:
Speciation = isolation + genetic changes + _______
What is time?
400
When more offspring are produced than the environment can support. Leads to competition for resources.
What is overproduction?
400
Change in allele frequency in a population due to chance.
What is genetic drift.
400
Body parts that share a common function but a different structure.
What are analogous structures?
400
When a small number of individuals colonize a new area and the gene pool is not representative of the original population.
What is the founder effect?
500
Donkeys and horses are not considered the same species for THIS REASON, even though they can successfully reproduce.
What is their offspring are sterile?
OR
What is mules are sterile/infertile?
500
Any factor that influences an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a given environment. For example, competition for resources, predation, temperature, disease.
What are selective pressures or selective forces?
500
When a catastrophic event dramatically reduces the population without regard to fitness.
What is the bottleneck effect (type of genetic drift)?
500
Pattern of evolution shown here.
What is punctuated equilibrium?
500
Process where closely related species evolve distinct traits by adapting to different environments.
What is divergent evolution?