Evidence for Evolution
Describe homologous structures
What is that different species share physical skeletal structures because they share a common ancestor?
List an example of a fossil found at La Brea Tar Pits
What is sabertooth cats, dire wolfs, mammoth, mastodon, etc?
The type of bird that Charles Darwin studied
What is the finch bird?
Results in the Bottleneck Effect
What is a natural disaster? (fire, earthquake, etc)
Explain the past supercontinent
What is Pangea, which was a giant single land-mass to which plate tectonics/movement caused the breaking up into what the continents are today?
Explain the connection between Pangea and fossils
What is fossils now found on continents far apart show that they may have been connected in the past, allowing for the animals/plants to travel easily across land?
Name the three different kinds of selection
What are directional, disruptive, and stabilizing?
This occurs due to chance
What is genetic drift?
Early embryos of what animal group are very similar
What are vertebrates? (or backbone)
Explain the law of superposition
What is that the oldest rocks are always at the bottom and the newest rock always at the top, which can help correspond with dating fossils?
Describe an example of competition that are NOT two species physically fighting
What are not enough resources (water, food, space, etc)?
Describe founder effect
What is when a small proportion of a population establishes a new population?
A human vestigial structure
What is a coccyx? (tailbone)
List one reason for gaps in the fossil record
What is any of the below?
1 The conditions for fossilization are very rare.
2 Some organisms are soft-bodied and do not have hard parts to form fossils
3 Geological activity has destroyed fossils
4 It is unlikely that we have found all existing fossils
The graph of this selection is tall and thin
What is stabilizing selection?
Causes traits or characteristics
What are alleles?
The four different bases in DNA
What are Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Thymine (T)?
Name all 4 conditions for natural selection to happen
What is:
1 Not all individuals survive and reproduce due to predators or competition for resources
2 Only individuals that are well adapted to their environments will survive and reproduce
3 These individuals will pass on their beneficial traits to their offspring
4 Over many generations the species has evolved so that the beneficial trait is more common and the less beneficial trait is less common or even eliminated
Describe how pollen can cause gene flow
What is that the wind can carry the pollen to a new population and affect the new population's alleles/traits?