These things make the human hand different from the chimpanzee hand.
What is a longer thumb, a shorter palm and fingers, and less curvature in the fingers?
100
This might account for many features of the hand.
What is stress from pounding with hammerstones?
100
This is the name for the grip depicted as holding a baseball.
What is the "three-jaw chuck"?
200
This is the scientific study of human fossils.
What is palaeoanthropology?
200
These absorb the highest compression during knuckle-walking.
What are the third and fourth metacarpals?
200
This is the most powerful thumb muscle in humans.
What is the flexor pollicis?
200
The earliest known hominid hand bones are assigned to this fossil.
What is Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba from Ethiopia (5.8 Mya)?
200
This is transferred to the missile and channeled through the index and middle fingers of the throwing hand.
What is kinetic energy?
300
The passing of genes onto the next generation in a way that they too can pass those genes on.
What is reproductive success?
300
This type of grip is used for suspension from horizontal supports.
What is the "hook grip"?
300
This grip is employed when precision of movement is required.
What is the precision grip?
300
This fossil's hand retains chimpanzee-like features and would still have been effective for tree climbing.
What is A. afarensis from Ethiopia and Tanzania (3.2-3.5 Mya)?
300
This is a main idea behind the theory for the evolution of the human hand.
What is reproductive success?
400
This is a hand deformity in which the swelling of the metacarpophalangeal joints (the big knuckles at the base of the fingers) causes the fingers to become displaced, tending towards the little finger.
What is ulnar deviation?
400
This type of grip is used with vertical supports.
What is a "diagonal hook grip"?
400
This grip is used when force is needed.
What is the power grip?
400
This fossil is the youngest to date at 200-30 kya with similar hands to those of modern humans.
What is H. neanderthalensis?
400
This is when throwing and clubbing began to influence hand structure.
What is at the origin of the hominid lineage?
500
This is a primate of a family that includes humans and their fossil ancestors.
What is hominid?
500
This is the reason why when the arm swings forward the hand loses its grip.
What is weakness in the thumb and its inability to overlap the index finger?
500
The human hand is adapted for gripping these.
What are spheres and cylinders?
500
This can be predicted as additional hominid hand bones are discovered and described.
What is the idea that human hands were ape-like at the outset, but underwent extended adaptation for grasping spheres and clubs.
500
Selection for improved throwing and clubbing produced this.
What is an innovative, instinctive, whole-body motion performed from an upright stance that begins with a thrust of the legs.