Show:
fossils
vocabulary 1
vocabulary 2
vocabulary 3
vocabulary 4
100

the fossils of creatures that show characteristics of different groups.

what is a transitional form? 
100

any movement of individuals, and/or the genetic material they carry, from one population to another.

what is gene flow? 
100
what does it mean when organisms are related? 
they share a common ancestor 
100
The Origin of Species
What is the title of the book published by Charles Darwin? 
100
how well adapted an organism is to its environment
what is fitness? 
200
a transitional form that has characteristics of birds and reptiles 

what is an Archaeopteryx? 

200

There are long periods of evolutionary “non-change”, or EQUILIBRIA, that are interrupted or punctuated by sudden change. 

what is punctuated equilibrium? 
200

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce (think of the bottle neck effect) 

what is genetic drift? 
200

two similar anatomical structures (or behavioral traits) within different organisms which originated from a structure or trait of their common ancestral organism.

what are homologous structures? 
200
the idea that organisms are fixed + unchanging
what is the fixity of species? 
300
the idea that older fossils are found below younger ones 
what is relative dating? 
300

Evolution is the accumulation of small gradual changes that were favoured by natural selection.

what is gradualism? 
300

Geographically isolated 

Behavioural isolation 

Habitat isolation 

Genetic incompatibility 


what are examples of reproductive isolation? 
300

features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature

what are analogous structures? 
300

he breeding of plants and animals to produce desirable traits

what is artificial selection? 
400
the most common materials to fossilize
what are hard structures such as bones and teeth 
400

a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, or droughts)

what is the bottleneck effect? 
400

is the process whereby organisms not closely related independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches

what is convergent evolution? 
400

major evolutionary change- new species is formed 

what is macroevolution? 
400

istinct difference in size or appearance between the sexes of an animal in addition to difference between the sexual organs themselves.

what is sexual dimorphism? 
500
a trace or imprint left behind, rather than the organism itself. 
what is a trace fossil? 
500

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

what is speciation? 
500

the process of tracing back two or more species to their common ancestor. ... Thus, they become a different species to their ancestors and what was once one species has diverged into two

what is divergent evolution? 
500

evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms- no new species formed 

what is microevolution? 
500

a branching diagram showing the relationship and shared characteristics between a number of species

what is a cladogram?