Natural Selection
Created the theory of natural selection
What is Charles Darwin?
The cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population
What is evolution?
Type of selection observed when one extreme is favored
What is directional selection
Define sickle cell anemia
Charles Darwin's research focused on a certain species
What are Galapagos Finches
Two major causes for variation in a species
What is mutation, natural selection, or random fertilization?
Fossil record, homologous structures, selective breeding
What is evidence of evolution
Distinguish between directional, disruptive, and stabilizing selection
What is directional favors one extreme, disruptive favors both extremes, and stabilizing favors the intermediate genotype
Sickle cell anemia is most common here
What is Africa
The variation between Galapagos Finches that Darwin noticed
What are beak sizes
Necessary for natural selection to occur
What is variation and struggle for survival?
The total collection of alleles in an interbreeding population
What is gene pool
Three types of reproductive isolation and briefly describe each
What is temporal which deals with the varying reproductive times, behavioral which deals with courting behavior, and ecological which deals with species living in the same area but different habitats
The following genotype was selected against throughout the experiment (AA, SS, or AS)
What is AS
The "p" and "q" in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represent this.
What is the dominant and recessive allele frequency
Two major causes of evolution in a species
What is mutations, natural selection, and random fertilization
Describe the difference between analogous and homogenous structures
What is homologous structures have different functions, but similar origins, and analogous structures have similar functions
Three factors contributing to the struggle for survival
What is competition for food, mates, and space (there are many more acceptable answers)
The initial allele frequency (A and S) of the parent population
What is 0.50 A and 0.50 S
If the dominant allele frequency is 0.75, the recessive allele frequency is...
What is 0.25
Occurs during Prophase I and contributes to genetic variation and therefore natural selection
What is crossing over/ recombination
Describe the evolution of antibiotic resistance
What is random mutations cause the creation antibiotic-resistant bacteria which prevents it from being killed by antibiotics, therefore allowing it to asexually reproduce at higher rates, ultimately creating a higher concentration of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the population?
Conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
What is no natural selection, no large population, no mutations, no emigration/immigration, and random mating
The reason sickle cell anemia is most common in Africa
What is to provide protection against malaria a mutation on the sickle-cell gene arose
If diploid cells contain two sets of homologous chromosomes, then there are this many homologous chromosome sets in tetraploid cells
What is 4