concept 1
why can hand sanitizer only promise 99.9% of bacteria would be killed
some bacteria may be resistant and not die
organisms that live in similar environments have similar traits, this is a result of what type of evolution?
what is convergent evolution
studying evolution through the similarities in DNA, proteins, and nucleic acids, falls in what field of science?
What is the biochemistry
binomial nomenclature names an organism using what two words
genus and species
Individuals don't evolve, _________ do
populations
natural selection acts only on traits that are ______ meaning they can be passed on from parent to offspring
which pattern of evolution results in splitting into several different species over time
divergent evolution
body structures that show up in two different organism but have similar functions and structures (like the humorus and other arm bones) are called _______
homologous structures
which of the two following animals are most closely related?
Vulpes lagopus
Canis lupus
Panthera leo
Panthera onca
Panthera leo and Panthera onca
Type of diagram that shows the relationship of organisms to their ancestors as well as common ancestry.
What is a phylogenetic tree?
genes in a population that are considered more "fit" would most likely become more ______ in that population
popular or common
Which pattern of evolution results in the evolving of two organisms in response to each other
What is coevolution
ostriches have wings that can't fly, and whales have leg bones for no apparent reason. These seemingly useless structures are called
vestigial structures
put names of the order of classification from broadest to most specific (hint start with Kingdom)
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
the mechanism of evolution that is demonstrated by male peacocks having large colorful feathers even though they make it harder to run away from predators
sexual selection or non random mating
The process of evolution where some organisms that have advantages survive and pass their genes onto their offspring.
What is natural selection?
Which pattern of evolution is slow changes over a long period of time?
What is gradualism
vestigial structures were useful to extinct ancestors and we can know this through the study of fossils called
paleontology
mutations
Meiosis (crossing over)
gene flow (migration)
list the four principles of natural selection
overproduction
variation
adaptation
descent with modification
which pattern of evolution shows bursts of evolutionary change followed by long periods of stability
punctuated equilibrium
the study of how organisms in separate environments (ex: on different continents) originated from a common ancestor.
What is biogeography?
list two things we can learn from a Phylogenetic tree
how closely related two species are
which species diverged most recently or longest ago
what shared traits species have in common
A forest has many trees and bushes that produce nuts. Birds have a variety in beak shapes ranging from long and pointy to short and hard. The birds with short and hard beaks are able to eat the nuts better than the birds with long and pointy beaks. How will this population evolve? Address all 4 principles of natural selection.
Variation - long beaks and short beaks
Overproduction - not all birds will live
Adaptation - short beaks can eat nuts better than long beaks
Descent w Modification - short beaks are passed on