Natural Selection
Patterns of Evolution
Evidence of Evolution
Phylogenies
100
Principle of evolution also know as "survival of the fittest"
What is natural selection?
100
Type of evolution that occurs in bursts, followed by long periods of little change.
What is punctuated equilibrium?
100
The study of embryos to determine common ancestors.
What is embryology?
100
Trait specific to kangaroos and elephants?
What is live birth?
200
Within a species of frogs, there are darker green and lighter green individuals. This means that there is ______ within the species.
What is variation?
200
A species of squirrel becomes separated by a new roadway. Overtime, the squirrel evolve to adapt to their new environments, one develops sharper claws to allow it to climb trees better and the other develops a darker coat to blend in with its surroundings. These squirrels have become so different from one another they can no longer reproduce. \Therefore, a ______ event has occurred.
What is speciation?
200
The human tailbone, or coccyx, was once useful to an ancestor that had a tail. To us living today, it is useless. This is an example of a ______ ______.
What is a vestigial structure?
200
The trait that all species EXCEPT the angelfish have.
What is four legs?
300
Features that become more common over time due to their helpfulness in allowing a species to survive and reproduce.
What is an adaptation?
300
A toxic snake preys on a salamander. Over time, the salamander prey begin to develop resistance to the venom of the snake. In turn, over more time, the snake develops more potent venom, which in turn prompts the salamander to develop greater resistance to venom. Over hundreds of years, this relationship between the salamander and the snake drives this pattern of evolution.
What is coevolution?
300
All of the Galapagos finches have evolved to have specialized beak shapes. All of the species that live on the islands however, all came from one species of finch that once lived on the mainland. Using this information to provide evidence of common ancestry provides evidence in ________.
What is biogeography?
300
The trait that separates the frog from the crocodile.
What is the amniotic sac?
400
Over time, gene frequencies within populations change. This is due to _____ _____ _______.
What is decent with modification?
400
A mammalian ancestor is a common ancestor for both wolves and dogs. As dogs became domesticated and became pets and wolves remained wild, their different environments drove greater change to occur within each species over time. This example described this pattern of evolution.
What is divergent evolution?
400
Structures on different species that indicate common ancestry. Examples include arms of humans and fins of whales.
What are homologous structures?
400
The ______ and the _____ are LEAST related.
What is the angelfish and the elephant OR kangaroo?
500
A principle that drives microevolution, describing how rare alleles become less common over time and beneficial alleles become more common.
What is genetic drift?
500
Sharks are fish and dolphins are mammals. Both of these organisms, however have developed fins and similar coloration due to both being ocean living creatures. This describes this pattern of evolution.
What is convergent evolution?
500
Structures that have similar functions, but do not indicate common ancestry. Examples include wings of bats and birds.
What are analogous structures?
500
The closest relative to the crocodile is the _____.
What is the platypus?