Evidence of Evolution 1
Change in heritable traits in a population over time.
Preserved remains of ancient organisms.
What are fossils?
A beneficial trait that helps an organism better survive in its environment.
What is an adaptation?
Thought to be the first type of living cell on Early Earth. Hint: does NOT have a nucleus.
What is a Prokaryote?
Scientist that proposed the Theory of Evolution.
Charles Darwin
The study of the geographic distribution of organisms over time.
What is Biogeography?
An adaptation that helps an organism blend in with its environment to better survive and reproduce.
What is CAMOUFLAGE?
The topic that helped validate that all animals came from a common ancestor because they all look the same in their embryonic stage.
What is Embryology?
Process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive, reproduce more, and pass on favorable genetic traits to offspring.
What is Natural Selection?
This variable is the CHANGED or manipulated variable, and goes on the X-axis.
What is the INDEPENDENT variable?
This process arose first during Early Earth because of the lack of oxygen in the atmosphere.
What is PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
Structures that an organism is born with that does not help it survive in its environment. Example: tail bones or wisdom teeth in humans.
What is a VESTIGIAL structure?
How well an organism can survive and reproduce in its environment.
What is Fitness?
The term we use to describe organisms that evolved to walk on two legs.
What is BIPEDAL?
A well-supported, testable explanation of WHY things happen in the natural world.
What is a THEORY?
A mechanism of Evolution that increases genetic variation within a population.
What is Gene Flow?
A mechanism of Evolution that decreases genetic diversity of a population.
What is Genetic Drift?
Structures that are made differently, but serve the same function, proving different ancestry between organisms. Example: bat wings vs butterfly wings
The process of humans selecting desired traits in species for reproduction.
What is Artificial Selection?
This variable is the MEASURED variable and goes on the Y-axis.
What is the DEPENDENT variable?
Name a vestigial trait in any species.
Human: body hair, tailbone, wisdom teeth, muscles in ears
Whales/snakes: Pelvic bones
Cave Fish: Sightless eyes
Structures that are built similarly, proving a shared ancestry between organisms. These structures may or may not serve the same function. Example: arm bones in humans/cats/whales/bats/etc.
What are HOMOLOGOUS structures?
Reduction in genetic variation of a population, due to a natural disaster, geographical separation, or emigration of organisms.
What is Genetic Drift?
[Can take bottleneck effect or founder effect]
When organisms immigrate into a new population and introduce new genetics and traits.
What is Gene Flow?
Building blocks of life during Early Earth contained THIS organic material.
What is CARBON?