Ch. 17 people
What was the name of the ship Darwin sailed on?
HMS Beagle
What are traces of organisms that existed in the past?
Fossils
What describes a small group moving away to start a new population?
Founder's effect
What genotype does 2pq represent?
heterozygous
brief periods of rapid change where new species appear quickly
punctuated equilibrium
Who said organisms could change during their lifetimes by choosing what parts of their body would change and could pass on these acquired characteristics?
Charles Darwin, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Thomas Malthus, Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
The study of where organisms live now and where their ancestors lived is an example of:
biogeography
What does a graph for disruptive selection look like?
m shaped
What are the two Hardy-Weinberg equations?
p + q = 1
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
The hummingbird beak and the flower are an example of
coevolution
Who stated that people were being born faster than people were dying causing overcrowding and leading to war, famine, and disease?
Charles Darwin, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Thomas Malthus, Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Thomas Malthus
Common structure, different function
homologous structure
large and small seeds are present on the island
draw a graph to represent the type of selection that occurred over time on this island
disruptive graph drawn with beak size as x-axis and number of birds as y-axis
In a population, the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 15%. What is the dominant allele frequency?
p = 0.61
What era are we currently in now?
Cenozoic
Who stated the idea of gradualism that says changes in landforms were slow changes over a long period of time?
Charles Darwin, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Thomas Malthus, Jean Baptiste Lamarck
James Hutton
The structure that is not evidence of evolution because it only describes a similar function, not structure.
analogous structure
A prey looking like a predator, like the butterfly coloring looking like the face of an owl is an example of:
mimicry
Polydactyl is a dominant disorder for having extra digits. 16% of a population has polydactyl. What is the homozygous dominant genotype frequency?
p2 = 0.006
The galapagos finches are an example of this as they had a common ancestor and divided into multiple species. One name for this is divergent evolution. What is another name?
adaptive radiation
Which term describes the laws of nature remaining constant over time and who stated that idea?
Natural Selection, Gradualism, Uniformitarianism, Catastrophism, Aquired Characteristics
Charles Darwin, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, Thomas Malthus, Jean Baptiste Lamarck
Uniformitarianism, Charles Lyell
What is the major difference between artificial selection and natural selection?
artificial selection = humans are the selecting agent and decide what breeds
natural selection = nature is the selecting agent, survival of the fittest
What are the two names for a type of isolation that occurs when populations on two islands no longer share a common gene pool?
geographic isolation
allopatric speciation
Colorblindness is a recessive trait affecting 8% of the population. Find the heterozygous genotype frequency and the dominant allele frequency.
2pq = 0.4
p = 0.72
A group of organisms that are believed to have evolved from a common ancestor and are shown together on phylogenetic trees and cladograms are known as:
clade