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Vocabulary
Multiple Choice 1
Multiple Choice 2
Short Answer 1
Short Answer 2
100
Different individuals in a population have different characteristics.
What is variation?
100
According to Darwin, evolution occurs A in response to use or disuse of a characteristic B by natural selection
What is B by natural selection?
100
Two organisms are considered to belong to different species if they A have differences in appearance, such as different color or leg length. B do not mate or produce fertile offspring.
What is B do not mate or produce fertile offspring.
100
What does the term fitness mean when biologists are discussing evolution?
What is the ability to survive and reproduce?
100
After thousands of years, a new type of mouse with dark fur was born in a population of mice on the dark volcanic rock. What caused the dark fur in this mouse?
What is the dark mouse is the result of a mutation.
200
Any characteristic or trait that increases fitness.
What is an adaptation?
200
Which of the following is an acquired human characteristic? A eye color B large muscles from weightlifting
What is B large muscles from weightlifting?
200
Which statement best explains why islands can be used as natural laboratories? A The islands have similar habitats, but they differ from the mainland habitat. B There are many small islands, meaning researchers can repeat their observations and experiments on several similar islands.
What is B There are many small islands, meaning researchers can repeat their observations and experiments on several similar islands.
200
Describe cephalopod camouflage and explain how it differs from camouflage in most other types of animals.
What is Cephalopods can change their camouflage by sight and it changes in color, pattern and texture.
200
In what ways was Darwin an important scientist?
What is Darwin formed one of the most important theories in Biology. Natural Selection
300
A characteristic which is influenced by genes and can be inherited by offspring.
What is a heritable trait?
300
In order to be considered an evolutionarily favorable trait for an organism, a trait must increase the individual’s A likelihood of becoming fossilized B success at leaving healthy offspring
What is B success at leaving healthy offspring?
300
Which of the following features describe Tiktaalik? a. Neck b. Lungs c. Round head d. Fins
What are neck, lungs, and fins?
300
Explain the difference between an acquired characteristic and an inherited characteristic.
What is an acquired characteristic is one that arises during the lifetime of an organism and cannot be passed to offspring. An inherited characteristic is one that an individual is born with and is passed to offspring through genes.
300
An adaptation is a structure or function that is common in a population because it enhances the ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. Provide one example and an explanation of one adaptation in the Anolis lizards.
What are larger toe pads, shorter legs, dewlap color, etc.
400
Process in which an adaptive heritable trait becomes more common in a population. Individuals with the trait produce more offspring with the trait.
What is natural selection?
400
Which is the most likely explanation for the presence of 13 different finch species on the Galápagos Islands today? A Many years ago several different species of birds migrated to the islands and the 13 finch species that currently live there are the only species that survived. B Many years ago a small population of a single bird species migrated to the islands and evolved into the 13 species that live on the islands today.
What is B Many years ago a small population of a single bird species migrated to the islands and evolved into the 13 species that live on the islands today.
400
Which statement below is evidence that all tetrapods shared a single common ancestor? A All tetrapod limbs have a common pattern of one bone, two bones, many bones, then digits. B All tetrapods live partly in water and partly on land.
What is A All tetrapod limbs have a common pattern of one bone, two bones, many bones, then digits?
400
Explain why some biologists say that “fitness is measured in grandchildren.”
An individual has only contributed successfully to a population of its offspring are reproductively successful.
400
Before the discovery of Ardi, what kind of habitat did most paleobiologists hypothesize bipedality evolved in?
Most paleobiologists hypothesized that bipedality evolved in open grasslands.
500
Results in changes in the frequency of heritable traits in a population, dependent on the environment, occurs slowly over many generations.
What is evolution?
500
Different finch species have beaks of different shapes and sizes. These different beak structures are evidence of A different finch species adapting to different environments over many generations. B different finch species with different beak structures coming to the Galápagos Islands from the mainland.
What is A different finch species adapting to different environments over many generations.
500
What evidence has allowed scientists to conclude that the common ancestor of modern chimps and humans lived around 7 million years ago? A Biological molecules such as proteins and DNA reveal differences between humans and chimps that would have taken around 7 million years to accumulate. B Stone tool usage began showing up in the human lineage around 7 million years ago, and chimps do not use stone tools.
What is A Biological molecules such as proteins and DNA reveal differences between humans and chimps that would have taken around 7 million years to accumulate.
500
Provide one evolutionary explanation for why lizards living in the same part of the habitat (i.e., grass) would have similar characteristics.
They have to try and get the same type of food and have to survive in the same type of habitat.
500
What did the discovery of Ardi suggest about the kind of habitat in which bipedality evolved? How do we know?
What is tens of thousands of plant and animals fossils found with Ardi suggest that she was living in a woodland setting.