Geology
a crack in rock layers that often causes rock layers to be dispositioned (uneven)
a fault or fault line
What is homology?
a fossil that has lived in many places for a short period of time
a index fossil
scientist who discovered natural selection
Charles Darwin
uniformitarianism is
The processes that shape the Earth continue as they have since the Earth formed
oldest rock layer on bottom and new rock layer on top
Law of Superposition
an example of homology
teeth, limbs, genes
name an example of an index fossil
ammonite or trilobite
What are nitrates? What would cause an increased level of nitrates?
a type of water pollutant commonly found in plant fertilizer; increased level caused by agriculture and soil erosion
why do we study ice cores
to analyze ancient climates and sometimes fossils
How do geologists date intrusions?
They are younger than the rock around them
a way for scientists to study organisms without their fully developed bodies
comparative embryology
list 3 different types of fossils and give me the definition of a fossil
cast, trace, frozen remains
definition:
The preserved remains (amber) or trace remains (cast fossils, trace fossils) of organisms from the past; we use fossils to compare to existing organisms (to find an ancestor)
draw me the bohr model of nitrogen
Ms. K needs to check individual drawings
why did dinosaurs become extinct?
they did not evolve to their environment
natural disaster (half credit)
most accurate method of determining Earth's age
radioactive dating
analogous structures are
different organisms that have a similar trait or structure that do not share a common ancestor
what is the other name for studying frozen material?
cryo or cryogenics
example of natural selection
cave fish going blind, moths not changing colors to camouflage
what is an estuary? Why is it important?
a mix of saltwater and freshwater
important for its biodiversity and influence on ocean's salinity
give me an example of an isotope
Uranium-235, Uranium-238, Thorium-232, Potassium-40, Rubidium-87, and Carbon-14
What can scientists use to discover homology?
give me the definition of vestigial structures
fossil record, comparative embryology,
vestigial structures: organs or structures that no longer serve a purpose for their organism, but did once before
how are fossils made?
after death, gets buried, minerals and pressure turned to stone (or pressed into stone)
give me an example of a symbiotic relationship
bees and flowers; sea anemone and clownfish
a mix of freshwater and saltwater is called
brackish water