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Natural Selection
Evolution Types
Current Structures
Evidence
Miscellaneous
100
Put the steps of natural selection in order: Selection, overpopulation, variation, competition
1. overpopulation 2. variation 3. competition 4. selection
100
Artificial selection created what from wolves?
Different dog breeds
100
Give two examples of homologous structures on two different species
Hand/front limb on horses, humans, reptiles, bats, whales, cats, birds.
100
True or false. Once a species evolves into another, that ancestor species must disappear?
False (wolves and dogs as an example)
100
How long does natural selection take to create new species?
Millions or hundreds of millions of years
200
First step "there are more organisms than can survive"
Overpopulation
200
Two animals that affect each others survival and each others adaptations.
Coevolution
200
Give three vestigial structures on people
Various
200
What is common between ALL living things that shows they are related as some level?
Made of same stuff (DNA, proteins, cells, etc)
200
Who first created the theory of evolution?
Darwin
300
Give one example (two organism) where competition occurs?
Various, fight for food or survival
300
No common ancestor, same environment
Convergent
300
What two structures demonstrate divergent evolution?
Vestigial structures Homologous structures
300
What evidence do fossils provide us about evolution?
What groups of species appear first. How the anatomy of species changes over long periods of time.
300
What is faster, artificial selection or natural selection?
Artificial, creating dog breeds took only a few thousand years
400
What two factors determine whether a trait is fit or not?
Niche (what it eats) Environment (where it lives)
400
Common ancestor, separate environments
Divergent evolution
400
What structures are the result of convergent evolution?
analogous structures
400
Why are the vestigial structures on a whale important?
These structures (leg and hip bones) prove that whales descended from land animals
400
What is the difference between a theory and hypothesis?
A theory has evidence
500
At the last step of evolution, we say that helpful traits are ________________ but not helpful traits get _______________.
Advantageous, selected out
500
Give an example of two animals that will demonstrate co-evolution, and what adaptations are affected
Various: Tortoise and cactus (mouth and spikes) Lion and prey (both need to be fast)
500
Vestigial structures on humans and wolves give evidence of a 1. _________________ that had both a 2._______________ and 3.__________________.
1. common ancestor 2. tail 3. legs
500
Why are homologous structures important?
They show which organisms evolved from a common ancestor
500
How is evolution similar to the changes to an automobile?
Small changes between evolutions add up over a very long time to create large differences.