Created a system for naming and classifying organisms
Carl Linneaus
100
Define divergent evolution
the accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species
100
A mountain range prevents two types of goat from mating. What type of isolation is this?
Geographic Isolation
100
What are the 3 types of evidence?
Molecular, Fossil and Anatomical
100
What are the two names of a branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships
Cladogram and Phylogenetic Tree
200
Proposed that Earth changed by slow gradual changes
Charles Lyell
200
Define convergent evolution
the process by which unrelated or distantly related organisms evolve similar body forms, coloration, organs, and adaptations
200
one species of bird that feeds at dawn and another species that feeds at dusk. what type of isolation is this?
Temporal Isolation
200
What type of evidence can be used to tell the age of organisms and find out information about the structure.
Fossil
200
When did life begin on Earth?
3.5 billion years ago
300
Predicted that the human population will grow faster than the space and food needed to sustain it
Thomas Malthus
300
How did the finches show Darwin's theory?
the beak sizes were different on each island because of the pressures of the environment and diet, so the ones best fit for those passed on their dna to the next generation
300
imagine a population of elephants with various sized trunks. In this particular environment, much more food is available in the very tall trees than in the shorter trees. Elephants with what length trunk will survive and reproduce the most successfully? Those with the longest trunks. Those with shorter trunks will be strongly selected against. What type of natural selection is this?
Directional Selection
300
What are the three types of anatomical evidence?
Homologous, analogous, vestigial
300
What is a vestigial structure?
A structure that has no function but still exists in the body
400
Places with similar environments have similar but unique species living in them.
George Louis Leclerc and Comte de Buffon
400
What was Darwin’s first name for his theory and what does it mean?
Decent with modification and explain
400
Bright guppies are great because they attract many females. Dull Guppies are also great because they are able to hide from predators
Disruptive Selection
400
What is the difference between homologous structure and an analogous structure?
homologous- same/different function, same structure
analagous- same function, different structure
400
What is gene flow and how does it effect a population?
Gene flow is any movement of genes from one population to another. If genes are carried into a population or out of a population, gene flow can be a very important source of genetic variation.
500
Proposed that organisms pass down traits based on the how much they use or disuse a body part during their lifetime
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
500
What does Natural Selection mean? (explain any terms you use)
Survival of the fittest. Fitness means the ability to reproduce successfully.
500
What type of isolation occurs when the gametes are unable to fuse and fertilization does not take place.
Reproductive Isolation
500
How does molecular evidence show evidence of evolution?
By looking at the similarities and differences in the amino acid sequence you can see how closely related species are related