Show:
Evidence for Evolution
Adaptation vs. Variation
Natural Selection
Cladograms
Misc.
100
Remains of organisms hidden in rocks
What is a fossil?
100
Change in traits that does not necessarily help the organism survive
What is a variation?
100
Defined as change over time
What is evolution?
100
a stylized diagram that looks like a series of Y's or forks in a road
What is a cladogram?
100
This is the name of the first book Darwin wrote about his theory of natural selection
What is Origin of Species?
200
The way that amino acid sequences are used to determine relatedness between species
What is similarity of the sequence?
200
Change in characteristics that helps increase the organism’s fitness
What is an adaptation?
200
The ability to survive and reproduce
What is fitness?
200
One way you can tell species on a cladogram are more closely related
What is What is they share several anatomical traits or they are closer together on the diagram?
200
Having different structures but similar functions
What is an analogous structure?
300
Examples include the appendix, wisdom teeth, and the whale’s hipbone
What is a vestigial organ?
300
One example could be changes in a dog’s fur color
What is variation?
300
This is the raw material or mechanism of natural selection (the ‘how’)
What is a mutation?
300
This is the way you depict that the organism does not share a trait
What is branched off on the cladogram?
300
Formation of a barrier that will cause reproductive isolation between populations resulting in distinct species
What is speciation?
400
Similar in structure but different in function (ex: a human arm and a bat's wing)
What is a homologus structure?
400
One example would be thick fur and an extra layer of fat in a polar bear
What is an adaptation?
400
This is an environmental or biotic factor that can either increase or decrease the size of a population
What is a selection pressure?
400
A characteristic that is thought to have evolved and is not present in the common ancestor
What is a derived trait?
400
This is a consequence of a population having a lack of variation in the population
What is greater likelihood of extinction?
500
This is similarity of the organisms during the early stages of development
What is embryology?
500
Birds in the Galapagos have diverse beak sizes: hooked beaks and thick beaks. Over time, walnut trees start becoming more common in their environment. Those with the thick beaks are able to crack open and eat the nuts more effectively than the hook beaked birds. What is a thick beak?
What is first a variation and then an adaptation?
500
This is a modern example of natural selection
What is antibiotic resistance?
500
What are the two most closely related species on the cladogram?
What are chimps and bonobos?
500
This would cause populations to develop similar adaptations despite not sharing a recent common ancestor
What is similar selection pressures?