1
Which hormone is released in response to cold and increases metabolism to produce heat?
thyroxine
When track meets are held at altitude, the sprint performances are usually better than at sea level because of the
lower air resistance
Which metabolic by-products makes the muscle acidic and interferes with the enzymes involved in glycolysis and ATP synthesis?
H+
Which type of hormone is able to freely cross the cell membrane and enter the nucleus, where it acts through direct gene activation?
steroid hormone
Acclimation to a new environment can occur in days or weeks (T/F)
True
She is sweating more than normal and starts to feel dizzy and fatigued. Her head is pounding. About the time she reaches the water station she starts to feel like she might faint. What condition is Josie experiencing?
Heat exhaustion
Three hormones have the potential to increase muscle protein synthesis.
testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and growth hormone
Intense ___ contractions is the most likely cause of DOMS
eccentric
The drug that is commonly used by athletes to attempt to "flush out" ergogenic aids before a drug test but actually results in a higher concentration of the ergogenic aid.
diuretics
If athletes plan to use high altitude training, research suggests that the best way for an endurance athlete to take advantage of altitude-induced physiological adjustments is to live at _______ altitude and train at ______ altitude.
high, low
Michelle went to the doctor for her flu shot today. Before the shot, the nurse checked her blood pressure. Her reading was 121/75. How would you classify her blood pressure
elevated
The term hyperplasia refers to
an increase in the total number of muscle fibers
what is a general sensation of tiredness and the accompanying decrements in muscular performance
Fatigue
Progesterone is an anabolic hormone (T/F)
False
Compared to competition at sea level, distance-running performances are generally not as good when conducted at high altitude. This is due to the
lower PO2/ lower air pressure
During the first 8 weeks of a resistance training program, the initial increase in muscular strength is primarily due to
neural adaptations
A major regulator of protein synthesis and muscle size is
mTOR
What are the two primary causes of acute muscle soreness?
accumulation of H+
edema
Insulin is a steroid hormone that acts through direct gene activation. (T/F)
False
The most rapid and effective method of reducing body temperature in those with high body temperatures is
cold water immersion.
Prolonged inactivity of skeletal muscle leads to rapid muscle atrophy; this occurs due to:
both a decrease in muscle protein synthesis and increased protein breakdown in muscle fibers are correct
Which unique cells in the muscle promote the addition of myonuclei and hypertrophy after resistance training
satellite cells
An increase in insulin which result in (increase or decrease) in blood glucose?
decrease
EAMC's are painful prolonged contraction of muscles that result from neuromuscular deficiency (T/F)
True
To quantify the overall heat stress associated with any environment, the ______________ guide was developed.
wet bulb globe temperature