Exam 1
In 1832, the genotype frequency of black wings for a moth were 0.77. In 2011, the genotype frequency of black wings for a moth were 0.08. What does this show?
a. Speciation
b. Evolution
c. Genetic drift
d. Genetic equilibrium
b. Evolution
What is the correct sequence for Taxonomic Classification?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Which body system is responsible for bulk transport in animals? Plants?
Circulatory system in animals and vascular system in plants
What type of neuron innervates involuntary effectors (glands, muscles, etc)?
Efferent neurons
What are the different types of taste buds?
Sweet, sour, bitter, umami, and salty
What type of selection may eliminate intermediate phenotypes?
Disruptive
This kingdom contains heterotrophic organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular. Organisms from this kingdom can sometimes cause athlete's foot or ringworm.
Fungi
While looking closely at plant cells, you find that the endomembrane system of two cells is connected by ___________.
Plasmodesmata
What cells forms the myelin sheaths around axons located within the CNS?
Oligodendrocytes
Where is the area of greatest visual acuity?
Fovea
A certain species of birds are native to the United States. A small group moves away to Ireland. They begin to reproduce and the birds evolve. What is this called?
Founder Event
Organisms that are classified as autotrophic are able to
Make their own food and use CO2 as their carbon source
Phloem is a vessel in plants which carries ________.
sugars and nutrients from source to sink
What is olfaction?
Olfaction is the sense of smell.
What type of vision are rods responsible for?
Dark vision/night vision
In sea urchins, the protein bindin enables sperm to attach to eggs, and is thought to play an important role in successful fertilization in the ocean. Bindin genes differ substantially among sea urchin species. The bindin gene is therefore likely to play a major role in:
a. Pre-zygotic isolationb. Post-zygotic isolation
c. stabilizing selection
d. directional selection
a. Pre-zygotic isolation
What superkingdom do animals belong to?
Opisthakonts
What is horizontal gene transfer?
A method in which prokaryotes acquire genetic diversity (transformation, conjugation, and transduction)
What dictates the intensity of a stimulus?
The frequency or firing rate
What is cephalization
Cephalization is the concentration of nervous system components at one end of the body. This led to the development of a brain at one end of the body.
What is a monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic group?
Monophyletic: a common ancestor and all of its descendents
Paraphyletic: a common ancestor and some of its descendents
Polyphyletic: a group of organisms and no common ancestor
You discover a new organism. After further testing and observation, you find that it contains the pigement chlorophyll b and is closely related to glaucocystophytes. What superkingdom is this organism part of?
Archaeplastida
What is double fertilization and what plants is it found in?
Double fertilization occurs in flowering plants and it is when one sperm from the pollen tube fuses with the egg and the other sperm unites with two haploid nuclei, producing a triploid cell.
What type of receptor responds to pressure?
Mechanoreceptors
What is the function of acetylcholine?
Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle membrane and cause it to depolarize. Depolarization opens the calcium channels and causes that to flow from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This causes the cross-bridge cycle to occur.