The Medical/Clinical Lab
What is a healthcare worker trained in blood collection?
Phlebotomist
When should hands be washed?
What is appropriate PPE in the laboratory?
Before putting on gloves
After removing gloves
Anytime they are soiled
Lab coat and gloves pulled over the cuff
What electrically must be checked on analyzer everyday?
Cords are not frayed
Circuits are not overloaded
Which laboratory containers can be used to make critical measurements?
Bottles, Beakers, Volumetric flasks, Erlenmeyer flasks
Volumetric Flasks
The most common type of microscope used in the medical laboratory?
Bright Field Microscope
A laboratory that performs chemical and microscopic tests on blood, other body fluids, and tissues is called a __________________.
Clinical Laboratory
______________virus can be transmitted by contact with infected blood or other body fluids
AIDS, HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C
How do we use a fire extinguisher?
PASS: Pull, Aim, Squeeze, Sweep
Graduated cylinders are filled and read at the __________.
Meniscus
What is a phase contrast microscope especially useful for viewing?
urine sediment and counting platelets on the hemocytometer
What sections must be in a Quality Assessment program in a laboratory?
What are standard precautions?
Standard precautions must be applied to?
Assuming all specimens are infectious so MLT must wear all appropriate PPE while handling the specimen.
all patients, regardless of their suspected infectious status
all body fluids, excretions, and secretions
nonintact skin
mucous membranes
organs and unfixed tissue
What documents describe the nature of all chemicals?
MSDS (SDS)
Explain what a centrifuge, autoclave, balance, and pH meter are used for?
Centrifuges: Instrument that spins at high speed (rcf) forces heavier particles to the bottom
Autoclave: Used to sterilize items by heating them under pressurized steam
Balance: Used to measure weights
pH meter: measuring the hydrogen ion concentration
What objectives can the coarse adjustment be used with?
What objectives can oil be used with ONLY?
10X
100X
What agency accredits educational programs for clinical laboratory personnel?
NAACLS
What are methods of Decontamination?
Sterilization, Disinfection, Antisepsis
What is the differences in caustic, carcinogenic, teratogens, mutagenic, radioisotopes?
Caustic Chemicals: strong acids and strong bases
Carcinogens are cancer-causing substances
Mutagens cause stable gene changes
Teratogens can harm fetus or embryo
Radioisotopes emit radiation
Explain the difference in volumetric, serological, and micropipets.
Volumetric: one volume
Serological: measured between two marks
Micropipet: used to measure very small volumes
If an object is viewed through a 100X objective and a 10x ocular, what is the magnification of the specimen?
1000X
Name all general departments in the Clinical Laboratory
Hematology, Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry, Immunology, Blood Banking, Microbiology
What is biological agent? What do we classify these as?
Where must we dispose of these?
Anything that could spread disease, Biohazard
In biohazard bucket, sharps container, or glass container
What is found on chemical safety labels?
Blue - indicate health hazards
Red - indicates fire hazard or flammability
Yellow - indicates reactive or unstable chemicals such as oxidizers
White - indicates reactivity with water or contact hazard
0-4
Plastic that can be heat sterilized is ___________.
polypropylene
When finished examining the slide, how should the microscope be put away?
Rotate nosepiece half way between low power and oil immersion objective (NEVER rotate from oil immersion to high power objective)
Remove slide from stage and lightly wipe the oil from it using a kimwipe
Clean the oil immersion objective with lens paper and lens cleaner
Clean the oil from stage and condenser if necessary
Finish rotating nosepiece until low power objective clicks into place
Using coarse adjustment, adjust low power objective to the furthest point away from stage
Unplug and roll up cord
Cover and store appropriately