Carbohydrates
What is the chemical formula for carbohydrates?
CnH2nOn
Oxygen, Carbon and Hydrogen.
What are the building blocks of peptides?
Amino Acids.
Deoxyribose nucleic acid and ribonucleic acid.
What is adenosine triphosphate?
(ATP) The source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level.
What are the simplest forms of sugars?
Monosaccharides.
What is typically the structure of a lipid?
A glycerol backbone, 2 fatty acid tails (hydrophobic) and a phosphate group (hydrophillic)
What is a peptide bond?
A chemical bond formed between two adjacent amino acids.
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides.
Why is ATP important for life?
Acts as a cells storage house for energy.
What is the function of disaccharides in carbohydrates?
Acts as an energy source for the body.
What makes up triglycerides?
Glycerol backbone, covalently bonded to three fatty acids.
What is a polypeptide?
A longer chain of amino acids (typically 10+).
What is in DNA that is not contained in RNA?
Thymine.
How does ATP provide energy?
Through metabolic processes.
What are the most abundant carbohydrates?
Polysaccharides.
What makes up phospholipids?
Polar (hydrophilic) head and two nonpolar hydrophobic tails
How many amino acids make up a peptide?
2-9 amino acids.
What is in RNA that is not contained in DNA?
Uracil.
Where is energy stored in ATP?
The phosphate bond.
Provides structural support, stores energy and sends cellular communication signals.
What's the difference between monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids?
Monounsaturated only have one double bond between a pair of carbons, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids have multiple.
What makes up proteins?
2 or more polypeptides.
What are the five types of nitrogenous bases?
Uracil, Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine
What organelle makes ATP?
The mitochondria.