Research
Design
Design
What is the term for a group in an experiment that differs from the treatment group?
What is a comparison group?
What do scientists use to gather verifiable evidence?
What is empiricism?
What type of claim describes a level or degree of a single variable?
What is a frequency claim?
What does construct validity refer to?
What is how well a variable was measured or manipulated in a study?
What is the availability heuristic?
What is a bias where people estimate the frequency of something by relying on examples that easily come to mind?
What is the main purpose of basic research?
What is to enhance the general body of knowledge without regard for practical applications?
What is the process of conducting a study again to test the consistency of results called?
What is replication?
What is an association claim?
What is a claim about two variables in which one variable's value systematically varies with the other?
What is the importance of internal validity?
What is the ability of a study to rule out alternative explanations for a causal relationship?
Describe confirmation bias.
What is the tendency to consider only evidence that supports a hypothesis?
What type of research aims to solve real-world problems?
What is applied research?
What is the role of a scientific hypothesis?
What is a statement of the specific result expected to be observed from a particular study?
What does a causal claim argue?
What is that one variable causes changes in the level of another variable?
What does external validity assess?
What is how well a study's results generalize beyond its sample and setting?
What is the bias blind spot?
What is the belief that one is less likely to engage in biased reasoning compared to others?
Name one key difference between basic and translational research.
What is translational research applies knowledge from basic research to develop solutions for real-world problems?
What does the term 'operational definition' refer to in research?
What is the specific way a concept of interest is measured or manipulated in a study?
What is a positive association?
What is when high levels of one variable go with high levels of another?
Name one factor that affects statistical validity
What is the extent to which a study's statistical conclusions are accurate and reasonable?
What is the present/present bias
What is the bias where people focus on times when an event and outcome are present, ignoring evidence that is absent?
What is the significance of a confound in research?
What is a potential alternative explanation for a research finding that threatens internal validity?
Describe the theory-data cycle in research.
What is the ongoing process of collecting data to test and refine theories?
How can you differentiate between correlation and causation?
What is correlation indicates a relationship between two variables, while causation implies that one variable directly affects the other?
Explain the relationship between internal and external validity.
What is internal validity affects the confidence in causal claims, while external validity affects the generalizability of those claims?
How can authority figures influence scientific inquiry?
What is they may dictate accepted information but can also be wrong, leading to potential bias in research?